L32: Disease blood vessels and lymphatics Flashcards
Which vessels are most vulnerable to compression, occlusion, invasion etc?
veins and lymphatics
How is the inner half of the BV wall supplied with O2?
blood from lumen supplies via vasa vasorum
How does vascular smooth muscle cells respond to a sustained inc in BP or vol?
inc work load= hypertrophy/ hyperplasia sometimes
What are myointimal cells
the pores in the internal elastic lamina of the sub endothelial layer
What is arteriosclerosis
hardening of arteries, luminal narrowing, loss of elasticity
What is atherosclerosis?
significant lipid deposition + fatty degeneration of vessel wall
What is an atheroma
a fibrofatty plaque, core of lipid covered with fibrous cap
What is a fatty streak
soft, smooth, non elevated lipid-rich intimal degenerative plaque
What does arteriosclerosis look like grossly?
raised, thickened, wrinkled intimal + flat white plaques
What domestic animals commonly develop atherosclerosis
piggies
high cholesterol diet
Dogs due to Dz –> persistent hypercholesterolaemia (e.g. diabetes, hypothyroidism)
What is hyaline degeneration of arterioles ?
deposition of collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, amyloid in tunica intimal
What is fibrinoid change of arteries?
extracellular degenerative change > injury to endothelium > fibrin accumulates from plasma > coagulation
Why would dystrophic mineralisation occur in a domestic animals?
deposition of mineral e.g. calcium in necrotised tissue
What would metastatic mineralisation occur in an amimas
deposition of mineral in viable tissues due to increased serum conc of Ca/ PO3-
What is an aneurysm?
localised abnormal dilation BV
