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PHRM > L32-33 > Flashcards

L32-33 Flashcards

1
Q

Name a rodenticide

A

Red Squill

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2
Q

Red squill

A

Glycoside intoxication
-cardiac glycosides: agnets that affect how the heart works
Rats can’t vomit

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3
Q

Name 3 antibiotics

A

Sulphonamides- inhibits synthesis folic acid
targets cell metabolism
Penicillin-targets cell walls
Chloramphenical-targets bacterial protein synthesis

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4
Q

Sulphonamides

A

antibiotic
Prontosil
-pro-drug, drug that is activated in the body
-Inhibits bacterial synthesis of folic acid
-structural analog of precursor PABA
-effective combined with trimethoprim

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5
Q

Penicillin

A

antibiotic
Inhibits transpeptidase involved in synthesis of crosslinking of bacterial cell wall-peptidoglycan

Targets D alanine-only present in bacteria

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6
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

antibiotic

  • Interferes with protein synthesis
  • Binds to 50s ribosomes and prevents tRNA binding
  • can inhibit mitochondrial protein synthesis
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7
Q

Insecticides

eg and mechanism

A

Increase opening of insect Na+ channels

DDT

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8
Q

Viruses 3 examples

A
  • Acyclovir
  • Zidovudine/azidothymidine AZT
  • Sequinavir
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9
Q

Acyclovir

A

antiviral
Triphosphorylated by thymidine kinase TK
inhibits DNA polymerase

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10
Q

Zidovudine/azidothymidine AZT

A

antiviral

  • Phosphorylated by host cell to triphosphate
  • causes chain termination
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11
Q

Sequinavir

A

antiviral
selective for viral enzyme protease that has a distinct substrate requirement phe-pro-turn
SE- buffalo hump

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12
Q

Antifungals 4 egs

A

Amphotericin-donut
Miconazole
Ketoconazole
Terbinafine

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13
Q

Amphotericin

A

antifungal
binds to ergosterol
punches pores in cell membranes
used for systemic infections

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14
Q

Miconazole

A

antifungal

prevents growth of fungus

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15
Q

Ketoconazole

A

antifungal

inhibits synthesis of ergosterol

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16
Q

Terbinafine

A

antifungal
inhibts fungal ezyme squalene epoxidase
-> squalene accumulation kills fungal cells
shorter period of treatment

17
Q

Herbicides 2 egs

A

glyphosate

paraquat

18
Q

Glyphosate

A

herbicide

inhibits aa synthesis

19
Q

Paraquat

A

activated by reduction to radical form
oxidises other molecules and makes ROS
Destroys cell membranes, proteins and DNA
-accumulates in the lung epithelial cells

20
Q

Cancer 2 egs

A

Paclitaxel- binds to polymerised tubulin, prevents disassembly of microtubules
Tamoxifen-ostrogen

21
Q

Paclitaxel

A

cancer

- binds to polymerised tubulin, prevents disassembly of microtubules

22
Q

Tamoxifen

A

cancer
treatment of ostrogen dependent cancers
partial agonist/antagonist of ostrogen depending on cell type

PHRM (15 decks)

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