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PHRM > DRUGS > Flashcards

DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

Clonidine L6

A

alpha 2 agonist
Prejunctional inhibitory action
Hypertension- but rare
decreases sympathetic effects on the heart and blood vessels

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2
Q

Isoprenaline ISO

L6

A

Beta agonist
Non selective beta 1/2

Bronchodilation in asthma but severe palpitations

Synthetic catecholamine

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3
Q

Sulbutamol

L16 Asthma

A

Beta 2 agonist
SABA
Bronchodilation, relievers-relax

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4
Q

Phenylephrine PE L6

A

Alpha 1 agonist
used as an ocular decongestant
Synthetic Non catecholamine

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5
Q

Prazosin

L15 CVS

A

Alpha 1 blocker

Decrease TPR, BP

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6
Q

Suxamethonium

Wks 2

A

-Depolarising and competitive neuromuscular blocking drug
-Acts on nicotinic receptors resulting in persistent depolarization of EMP- end motor plate
-Skeletal muscle relaxant
Polymorphism changes the structure

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7
Q

d-tubocurarine
curare
L7

A

nicotinic competitive reversible antagonist
reversed with neostigme
Skeletal muscle goes slack

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8
Q

Pilocarpine

L7

A

muscarinic agonist
Cholinergic receptor
Used to treat gluacome

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9
Q

Hexamethonium

L7

A

Nicotinic antagonist

ganglion docking drug

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10
Q

Neostigmine

AChE L7

A 
Reversible competitive (non-depolarising) cholinesterase inhibitor AChE
Medium duration anti-cholinesterase
blockage of neuromuscular blockers 
Selective for NMJ 
Used to treat Myasthenia gravis
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11
Q

Physostigmine


AChE L7

A

AChE cholinesterase inhibitor
Selective for parasympathetic junctions
Used to treat glaucoma: eye disease

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12
Q

Muscarinic antagonists: (cholinoceptor antagonists)

L7

A

Hyoscine: motion sickness
-Working in the CNS to block cholinergic pathways

Atropine:
-Reduce secretions (in anaesthesia) prevent reflex bronchoconstriction
−AChE-inhibitor poisoning

Ipratropium et al
:
– Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

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13
Q

CNS stimulants

28

A

Amphetamine

Cocaine

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14
Q

cocaine

28

A

blocks neuronal uptake of NA into presynaptic terminals

increase levels of NA

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15
Q

Amphetamine

28

A

Enters neurons and displaces NA, 5-HT, DA from storage vesicle
^ levels in the CNS

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16
Q

Ecstasy

28

A

Increased levels of 5-HT and DA

Less effective than amphetamine and LSD

17
Q

LSD

28

A

potent partial agonist at 5-HT2A receptors

hallucinations

18
Q

Cannabis

28

A

Inhibition/reduction of neurotransmission

THC active component

19
Q

Ethanol

28

A

Enhances GABA-major inhibitory NT in brain
Inhibits glutamate-major excitatory NT in brain
loss of motor control

20
Q

Cimetidine

L18-19

A

Gastric ulcers
H2 receptor
antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production

21
Q

Zanamivir

L18-19

A

antiviral - anti influenza
targets neuraminidase
neuraminidase inhibitor- blocks the function of viral neuraminidases of the influenza virus- preventing viral reproduction by budding from the host cell.

22
Q

Imatinib

L18-19

A

antitumor drug

targes tyrosine kinase

23
Q

Ritalin/methylphenidate

‘smart drugs’ L21

A

Increased synaptic levels of NA and DA by blocking reuptake into nerve terminals
Increase memory
used to treat ADHD

24
Q

Atomoxetine/strattera L21

A

relatively selective NA uptake inhibitor SNRI

used to treat ADHD

25
Q

Modafinil/provigil

L21

A

activates glutamatergic (excitatory) circuits while inhibiting GABAergic (inhibitory) neurotransmission

  • works like a mild amphetamine
  • used as a performance enhancing drug
26
Q

Orlisat

A

Inhibits gastric and pancreatic enzymes
Orlisat inhibits lipase
prevents systemic absorption of fat

27
Q

Phentermine

Duramine

A

Increases NA available to bind to receptors- acts like amphetamine
Gets into NA vesicles and displaces NA
Suppresses appetite

28
Q

Liraglutide

L25 GLP

A 
BPGG 
Brain- GLP in the brain  
Pancreas-increases insulin  
Glucagon- inhibits synthess of glucose, prevents glycogen-> glucose 
gastric emptying-slows down
29
Q

Salbutamol
Terbutaline
L16

A

SABA
Short acting beta 2 adrenoceptor agoinst
Bronchodilation, relievers

30
Q

Salmeterol

Formoterol

A

LABA
Long acting beta 2 adrenoceptor agonists
Controllers

used in combination with inhaled GCs, glucocorticoids

31
Q

Zarfirlukast

Monotelukast

A

Cysteinyl Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Bronchodilators
orally active
used in combination with GCS/beta 2 agonist

32
Q

Neodocromil sodium

Disodium cromoglycate DSCG

A

Non steroidal anti-allergic drugs
Administered by inhalation
Decrease in mediator release
Modest anti-inflammatory activity

33
Q

inhaled: Budesonide
Fluticasone Propionate

oral: Prenisolone

A

Glucocortcoids used to treat asthma

PHRM (15 decks)

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