L31 Flashcards
where does the fertilized egg develop ?
in the uterus of the female
what does the gonads produce ?
produce the sex hormones
true or false
at birth human are sexually mature
false at birth human are sexually immature until puberty [سن البلوغ]
what is the function of testes , which is a primary sex organ ?
produce sperms and sex hormones
what is the function of Epididymis ?
Sites of maturation (ability to swim) and some storage of sperm.
what is the function of urethra ?
conduct sperm and urine
what is the function of vas deferens ?
conduct and store sperm
what is the function of penis?
organ of copulation
what is the function of suspended in scortum?
(important to regulate testicular temperature ]
the testes Develop inside abdominal cavity but descend into scrotal sac during last 2 months of fetal development. and if it underscendent tests that cause sterlity
9;
Seminiferous tubules consist of 2 type of cells ?
germinal cells to form sperm
sertoli cells that are required for the process of spermatogenesis bcz they provide nourish and have FSH receptor
testes contain ?
seminiferous tubules [ germinal cells / sertoli cells ]
interstitial tissue
intersitial tissue consist of ?
leydig cells ,which are located in the spaces between tubules have have LH [ luteinizing hormone] receptors ,which are testosterone
steps of spermataogenesis?
spermatogonium 2n mitosis primary primary spermatocyte 2n meiosis 1 secondary spermatocyte 1n meiosis 2 early spermatocyte than late spermatid
spermatogenesis start at ?
start at 13 yrs / 74 days to complete
what is spermiogenesis ? يبدا من بعد الانقسام الميوزي
it is the last step of spermatogenesis يعتبر[ العملبة كلها ],which transform spermatids [ erly sperm ] to sperms [ late sperm ]
mature sperm contain
Head: contains a nucleus covered by an acrosome (a specialized lysosome that stores enzymes to penetrate egg).
1. Middle piece: contains mitochondria wrapped around microtubules of the flagellum (mitochondria provide energy for movement).
2. Tail: contains microtubules as components of flagellum; its movements propels
sperm.
what is the function of hyothalamus in sex hormone secretion ?
they give us GnRH which go to the anterior polturity ?
what is the function of anterior pituitry ?
they give us FSH, in sertoli cells which give us Estrogen / androgen binding protain
and LH, in leydig cells which give us T and estrogen
what happen if male has high level of T ?
HIGH level of T lead to inhibition of hybithalmus and anterior pilautry to decrese the n level of T if it exceded it’s limit
high level of anabolic steriod injection شي صناعي يزيد العضلات lead to ?
IT CAUSE IFERTILITY
it affect the function of androgen binding protain and that lead to low level of T
WHEN DO the sperm become more resistance to change in pH and temprature ?
in the epididymis ,bcz they become mature and gain motility [ the ability to move and swam ]
what is semen ?
is a thick whitish fluid that contains sperm (5%) and glandular secretions.
16
what is the function of seminal vesicles ?
60% of the semen; thick viscous fluid containing nutrients (fructose) for use by sperm. Contains prostaglandins that stimulate smooth muscle contraction
along male and female reproductive system.
what is the function of prostata gland ?
30% of the semen; secretes alkaline secretion that increase motility of sperm. Prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer
what is the function of bulborethral glands ?
Produce clear viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate that clear the urethra from urine residues.
