L2 skeletogenesis

Question 1

what are the osteoprogenitor cells and where

Answer 1

mesenchyme stem cells in the neural crest

Question 2

what is the first stage of skeletogenesis and what are the two ways that bones can form

Answer 2

mesenchymal condensation. Endochondral ossification through replacing hyaline cartilage with bone
or Intramembranous ossification where bone develop from mesenchymal membrane

Question 3

what are the conditions to form cartilage

Answer 3

no blood supply and some growth factors (morphogens)

Question 4

what are the conditions to form bone

Answer 4

blood supply and growth factors and intramembranous ossification

Question 5

what is chondrogenesis

Answer 5

cartilage development, formation of hyaline cartilage template

Question 6

what is Sox 9

Answer 6

the master gene of cartilage

Question 7

what are the 5 zone of bone formation during endochondral ossification

Answer 7

Resting zone, proliferating zone, hypertrophic zone, zone of calcification, deposition bone

Question 8

describe resting zone

Answer 8

hyaline cartilage and chondrocytes

Question 9

describe proliferation zone

Answer 9

lost of chondrocytes that undergo mitosis, they are stacked on each other

Question 10

describe the hypertrophic zone

Answer 10

big fat chondrocytes they are signaling the surrounding matrix to calcify

Question 11

describe the zone of calcification

Answer 11

chondrocyte are dead the lacunae are empty, osteoid start to be lay

Question 12

describe zone of bone deposition

Answer 12

blood vessels are present and osteoblast an osteoclast remodel the bone