L2 CH3 Vocab Flashcards
General Vocab from CH 3
Periosteum
STRUCTURE OF BONES
tough, fibrous
tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone
Compact bone
cortical bone
STRUCTURE OF BONES
dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones. 75% of
the body’s bone matter
Spongy bone
cancellous bone
STRUCTURE OF BONES
porous (“sponge-like”), which makes it lighter and
weaker than compact bone
medullary cavity
STRUCTURE OF BONES
central cavity located in the shaft of long bones, where it is surrounded by compact bone
Medullary
STRUCTURE OF BONES
pertaining to the inner section
endosteum
STRUCTURE OF BONES
tissue that
lines the medullary cavity
Red bone marrow
Bone Marrow
located within the spongy
bone, is a hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes
Hemopoietic
Bone Marrow
pertaining
to the formation of blood cells
Yellow bone marrow
Bone Marrow
fat storage area, composed chiefly of fat cells and is located in the medullary
cavity of long bones
Cartilage
Cartilage
the smooth, rubbery, bluewhite
connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber
between bones. Also found in the outer ear and tip of the nose.
Articular cartilage
Cartilage
covers the surfaces of bones where they articulate to form joints
meniscus
Cartilage
curved, fibrous cartilage found in some joints, such as the knee and the temporomandibular joint of the jaw
diaphysis
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
the shaft of a long
bone
epiphyses
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
the wider ends of
long bones such as the femurs of the legs
proximal epiphysis
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
the
end of the bone located nearest to the midline of the
body
distal epiphysis
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
end of the bone
located farthest away from the midline of the body
foramen
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass
process
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
normal projection on the surface of a
bone that most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon
mastoid process
Anatomic Landmarks of Bones
bony projection located on the temporal bones
just behind the ears
ossification
process of bone formation using osteoblasts
Fibrous joints
Joints
Sutures, inflexible layers of dense
connective tissue, hold the bones tightly together
fontanelles
Joints
soft
spots, are normally present on the skull of a newborn
Cartilaginous joints
Joints
allow only slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage
synovial joint
Joints
where two
bones articulate to permit a variety of motions