L1 CH2 Flashcards
1
Q
Anatomy
A
study of the structures
of the body
2
Q
Physiology
A
study of the
functions of the structures of the body
3
Q
physi
A
nature or physical
4
Q
sagittal plane
A
vertical plane that
divides the body into unequal left and right portions
5
Q
midsagittal plane, midline
A
sagittal plane that divides the
body into equal left and right halves
6
Q
frontal plane, coronal plane
A
vertical plane that divides the body
into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
7
Q
transverse plane
A
horizontal plane
that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior
(lower) portions
8
Q
Ventral
A
front, or belly side, of
the organ or body
9
Q
ventr
A
belly side of the body
10
Q
Dorsal
A
the back of the organ
or body
11
Q
dors
A
back of the body
12
Q
Anterior
A
situated in the front. It
also means on the front or forward part of an organ
13
Q
anter
A
front or before
14
Q
Posterior
A
situated in the
back. It also means on the back part of an organ
15
Q
poster
A
back or toward the back
16
Q
Superior
A
uppermost, above, or toward the
head
17
Q
Inferior
A
lowermost, below, or toward the feet.
18
Q
Cephalic
A
toward the head
19
Q
Caudal
A
toward the lower part of the
body
20
Q
caud
A
tail or lower part of the body
21
Q
Proximal
A
situated nearest
the midline or beginning of a body structure
22
Q
Distal
A
situated farthest from the midline
or beginning of a body structure
23
Q
Medial
A
the direction toward, or
nearer, the midline
24
Q
Lateral
A
direction toward, or nearer, the
side of the body, away from the midline
25
dorsal cavity
located along the back of the
body and head, contains organs of the nervous system
that coordinate body functions and is divided into two
26
cranial cavity
located within the skull,
surrounds and protects the brain
27
spinal cavity
located within the spinal
column, surrounds and protects the spinal cord
28
ventral cavity
located along the front of the
body, contains the body organs that sustain homeostasis
29
Homeostasis
the processes
through which the body maintains a constant internal
environment
30
home
constant
31
-stasis
control
32
thoracic cavity,
chest cavity or thorax
surrounds and protects the
heart and the lungs. The diaphragm is a muscle that
separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
33
abdominal cavity
contains
the major organs of digestion. This cavity is
frequently referred to simply as the abdomen
34
pelvic cavity
the space formed by
the hip bones and contains the organs of the reproductive
and excretory systems
35
abdominopelvic cavity
abdominal
and pelvic cavities as a
single unit
36
inguinal
groin, which is the crease at the
junction of the trunk with the upper end of the thigh
37
pelv
pelvis
38
chondr/i
cartilage
39
lumb
lower back
40
ili
hip bone
41
peritoneum
multilayered
membrane that protects and holds the organs in place
within the abdominal cavity
42
membrane
a thin layer
of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a
space or organ
43
Parietal
cavity wall
44
parietal peritoneum
outer layer of the peritoneum
that lines the interior of the abdominal wall
45
mesentery
a fused
double layer of the parietal peritoneum that
attaches parts of the intestine to the interior
abdominal wall
46
visceral peritoneum
inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds
the organs of the abdominal cavity
47
Visceral
relating to the internal organs
48
retro-
behind
49
periton
peritoneum
50
-plasm
formative
material of cells
51
Stem cells
unspecialized cells that are able to
renew themselves for long periods of time by cell
division
52
gene
## Footnote
word
producing
53
-tics
pertaining to
54
chromosome
genetic structure
located within the nucleus of each cell
55
hist
tissue
56
Epithelial tissue
forms a protective
covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of
the body. These tissues also form glands
57
adip
fat
58
-ose
pertaining to
59
Muscle tissue
contains cells with the specialized ability to
contract and relax
60
Connective tissues
support and connect organs and
other body tissues.
61
Nerve tissue
contains cells with the specialized ability to
react to stimuli and to conduct electrical impulses
62
-plasia
formation
63
Aplasia
defective development,
or the congenital absence, of an organ or tissue
64
Hypoplasia
the incomplete
development of an organ or tissue usually due to
a deficiency in the number of cells
65
Anaplasia
change in the
structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
66
ana-
backward
67
Dysplasia
abnormal development
or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
68
Hyperplasia
enlargement
of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal
increase in the number of cells in the tissues
69
Hypertrophy
general increase in
the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase
in the size, but not in the number, of cells in the tissues
70
-trophy
development
71
exo-
out of
72
-crine
to secrete
73
endo-
within
74
gland
group of specialized epithelial cells that are
capable of producing secretions
75
aden
gland
76
carcin
cancerous
77
Malignant
harmful,
capable of spreading, and potentially life threatening
78
organ
somewhat independent part of the
body that performs a specific function
79
-pathy
disease, suffering, feeling, and emotion
80
pathologist
physician who
specializes in the laboratory analysis of diseased tissue
samples to confirm or establish a diagnosis
81
eti-
cause
82
Etiology
study of the causes of
diseases
83
epi-
above
84
dem/i
population
85
en-
within
86
pan-
entire
87
idi/o
peculiar
88
A & P
anatomy and physiology
89
CD
communicable disease
90
CH, chr
chromosome
91
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
92
epid
epidemic
93
GP
general practitioner
94
HD
Huntington’s disease
95
LLQ
left lower quadrant
96
LUQ
left upper quadrant
97
PA
physician assistant
98
RLQ
right lower quadrant
99
RUQ
right upper quadrant
100
a nurse with
graduate training who often works as a primary care
provider,usually have a master’s degree
nurse practitioner (NP)
101
FAS
fetal alcohol syndrome
102
a licensed professional
who works under the supervision of a physician, usually have a master’s degree
physician assistant (PA)
103
performs administrative and clinical tasks in a doctor’s
office, such as coding patients’ medical information,
measuring a patient’s vital signs, administering injections
and drawing blood. Medical assistants also work
in long-term care facilities caring for the elderly
medical assistant
104
reviews patients’ medical records
and assigns appropriate codes for treatment and services
provided to each patient based on codes for
medical diagnoses, equipment, and procedures
medical coder
105
focuses on diagnosing and treating
life-threatening emergency medical conditions
emergency room (ER)
106
doctor who specializes
in high-acuity medicine in the ER. Acuity
refers to the level of severity of an illness
emergency physician
107
licensed health care professional who works in a
pre-hospital setting on an ambulance, or in an
emergency room
emergency medical technician (EMT)
108
licensed health care
professional who works in a variety of health care settings. They assess patients and provide care following a
doctor’s orders
registered nurse (RN)
109
in certain states, works
under the supervision of a doctor or RN to provide basic patient care
licensed vocational nurse (LVN), also known as a
licensed practical nurse (LPN
110
works under the
supervision of a RN to provide basic patient care
certified nursing assistant (CNA)
111
licensed medical professional who
dispenses prescribed medication to patients
pharmacist
112
provides continuously monitored care for critically ill
patients, burn and trauma patients, cardiac patients, or neurological
patients
intensive care unit (ICU)
113
a physician specializing in the care of
critically ill patients hospitalized in the ICU
intensivist
114
focusing on the general
medical care of hospitalized patients.
hospitalist
115
unit provides continuous
cardiac monitoring for patients with heart problems
not requiring intensive care
telemetry
116
tele
distant
117
-metry
measure
118
anomaly
deviation from normal esp. of a body part
119
Epithelium
specialized
epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin
and the surface layer of mucous membranes
120
Endothelium
specialized
epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph
vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
