L19: Urine As A Indicator Of Disease Flashcards
What are the advantages of taking a urine sample
Non invasive (doesn’t require needles)
Easily obtained
Gives lots of info
Shows pre-renal and renal disease
Why is it important that a bacteria test is not taken in the morning
Bacteria can multiply at night and then become more in the morning
Why is important to carry out the urine sample test ASAP
So levels do not change in the urine
What is the normal volume of urine per day
0.8-2 litres
What is the normal general appearance of urine
Pale yellow and clear
What does a foamy urine indicate
Proteinuria
What does a cloudy urine indicate
Excess cellular protein
Sing of infection
High phosphate intake
What does a red urine indicate
Blood
Or
Myoglobin
When can we get myoglobulin in the blood
Muscle damage
What does a red/brown urine indicate
Conjugated bilirubin
What does black urine indicate
Melonin
When we carry out a microscopic examination what do we look for
Bacteria
Cells
Casts
Crystals
When we look for bacteria which type of bacteria do we look for
Gram negative bacteria
What type of cells do we look for
White cells or red cells
What does white cells indicate
Kidney infection
