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Anatomy > L17: Oral and Nasal Cavities > Flashcards

L17: Oral and Nasal Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

Two parts of the oral cavity

A
  • Oral vestibule - Oral cavity proper
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2
Q

Structures of the oral vestibule

A
  • Labial frenula - Pterygomandibular raphe = junction bw buccinator and sup. Constrictor muscles - Parotid pailla (opposite second maxillary molar)
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3
Q

What the connecting area between the oral cavity and pharynx called?

A
  • Oropharyngeal isthmus
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4
Q

Two arches at the posterior oral cavity?

A
  • Palatopharyngeal arch (covers palatopharyngeus muscle) - Palatoglossal arch (covers palatoglossus muscle)
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5
Q

What is found between the palatopharyngeal and palatoglossal arches?

A
  • Palatine tonsils
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6
Q

What are the two parts of the roof of the oral cavity?

A
  • Hard and soft palate
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7
Q

What forms the hard palate?

A
  • Palatine process of maxilla and horizontal plates of palatine bone
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8
Q

What travels through the incisive foramen?

A
  • Nasopalatine nerve and sphenopalatine artery
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9
Q

Foramen of the hard palate? What travels through each?

A
  • Incisive foramen: nasopalatine nerve and sphenopalatine artery - Greater palatine foramen: greater palatine vessels and nerve - Lesser palatine foramen: lesser palatine vessels and nerve
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10
Q

What supplies mucosa of hard palate?

A
  • Greater palatine nerve
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11
Q

What supplies structures of soft palate?

A
  • Lesser palatine nerve
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12
Q

What are the folds of the mucus membrane of the hard palate?

A
  • Palatine rugae
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13
Q

Muscles of the soft palate?

A
  • Levator veli palatini - Tensor veli palatini - Palatoglossus - Palatopharyngeus - Muscular uvulae
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14
Q

Levator veli palatini – O/I/I/F:

A
  • O: auditory tube - I: palatine aponeurosis (CT of soft palate) - I: pharyngeal plexus, X - F: raises soft palate during swallowing
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15
Q

Tensor veli palatini – O/I/I/F:

A
  • O: auditory tube - I: palatine aponeurosis (CT of soft palate), via tendon that hooks around pterygoid hamulus - I: CN V3 - F: tenses soft palate
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16
Q

Palatoglossus – O/I/I/F:

A
  • O/I: from palatine aponeurosis of soft palate to side of tongue - I: pharyngeal plexus, X - F: muscle of palate, not tongue
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17
Q

Palatopharyngeus – O/I/I/F:

A
  • O/I: from palatine aponeurosis of soft palate to upper part of wall of pharynx - I: pharyngeal plexus, X - F: ?
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18
Q

Musculus uvulae – O/I/I/F:

A
  • O/I: posterior part of soft palate - I: pharyngeal plexus, X - F: ?
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19
Q

What is the fold of mucus membrane that extends from gingiva to inferior aspect of tongue?

A
  • Lingual frenulum
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20
Q

Bilateral papillae at base of lingual frenulum?

A
  • Sublingual papilla
21
Q

What is the sublingual papilla?

A
  • Opening of the ducts of submandibular gland
22
Q

What is the sublingual fold?

A
  • Raised area on each side of lingual frenulum formed by sublingual gland
23
Q

Location of sublingual gland?

A
  • In floor of oral cavity between mandible and genioglossal muscle
24
Q

What is the superior portion of the tongue called?

A
  • Dorsum of tongue
25
Q

Two parts of tongue?

A
  • Root – posterior 1/3rd - Body – anterior 2/3rds (most anterior = apex)
26
Q

V-shaped groove on dorsum of the tongue?

A
  • Sulcus terminalis = separation of anterior and posterior tongue
27
Q

What separates the two halves of the tongue?

A
  • Median sulcus
28
Q

Describe 4 papillae of tongue

A

1.) Filiform papillae: hair-like structures containing nerve endings sensitive to touch 2.) Fungiform papillae: mushroom-like structures 3.) Vallate (circumvallate) papillae: largest papillae (12-18 of them) ant t sulcus terminale with high density of taste buds 4.) Foliate papillae: fold of mucosa along lateral side of tongue

29
Q

Tonsils found in oral/nasal cavity? Location?

A
  • Palatine tonsils: between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches - Lingual tonsils: posterior 1/3rd of tongue - Pharyngeal tonsils: located in the posterior nasopharynx inferior to the sphenoid sinus, superior to the opening of the auditory tube
30
Q

Muscles of tongue, innervation, function?

A

1.) Intrinsic muscles: run longitudinally, vertically and transversally. Act to change shape of tongue. Innervated by CN XII 2.) Extrinsic muscles a.) Genioglossus: protrude tongue if bilateral, unilateral contraction pushes tongue towards contralateral side. Innervated by CN XII b.) Hyoglossus: depresses tongue. Innervated by CN XII c.) Styloglossus: retrudes tongue. Innervated by CN XII d.) Palatoglossus: elevates posterior part of tongue. Innervated by pharyngeal plexus

31
Q

Describe sensory innervation to tongue

A

1.) Anterior 2/3rd - Lingual nerve (CN V2) – general sensation - Chorda tympani (CN VII) = taste except to vallate papillae 2.) Posterior 1/3rd - CN IX – general sensation and taste (including to all vallate papillae) - CN X – area around epiglottis

32
Q

Blood supply to tongue

A
  • Lingual artery (branch of ext carotid artery)
33
Q

What forms the roof of the nose?

A
  • Cribriform plate (ethmoid) - Nasal bones - Maxilla and frontal bones - Nasal cartilage
34
Q

What is the median plane of the nose called?

A
  • Nasal septum
35
Q

What forms the nasal septum?

A
  • Vomer - Perpendicular plate of ethmoid - Septal cartilage
36
Q

What forms floor of nose?

A
  • Hard palate (palatine processes of maxilla and horizontal plates of palatine bone) - Greater and lesser palatine foramina
37
Q

What are the structures of the lateral wall of the nose?

A
  • Conchae (superior, middle = ethmoid bone and inferior concha
38
Q

What are the spaces beneath each concha?

A
  • Superior, middle and inferior meatus
39
Q

What supplies blood to the nose?

A

1.) Arteries - Anterior ethmoidal a – from opthalmic a - Posterior ethmoidal a – from opthalmic a - Sphenopalatine a – from maxillary a - Greater palatine a – from descending palatine branch of maxillary a - Superior labial a – from facial a 2.) Veins - Sphenopalatine v – drains into maxillary v - Facial v - Opthalmic v

40
Q

What nerve carries smell from olfactory mucosa?

A
  • Olfactory nerve CN I
41
Q

What supplies sensory innervation to the nasal septum?

A
  • Nasopalatine (branch of maxillary of CN V)
42
Q

What supplies sensory innervation to the hard palate?

A
  • Anterior part = nasopalatine (branch of maxillary of CN V) - Greater palatine (branch of maxillary of CN V)
43
Q

What supplies sensory innervation to the soft palate?

A
  • Lesser palatine (branch of maxillary of CN V)
44
Q

List the paranasal sinuses.

A
  • Frontal sinus - Maxillary sinus - Sphenoid sinus - Ethmoidal air cells
45
Q

What does each of the paranasal sinuses drain into?

A
  • Frontal: into middle meatus - Maxillary: into hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus - Sphenoid: into sphenoethmoidal recess (above superior concha) - Ethmoidal air cells: Anterior/middle drain into middle meatus, posterior into superior meatus
46
Q

What sinus drains into the middle meatus?

A
  • Frontal, maxillary and ethmoidal air cells (ant and middle)
47
Q

What drains into the inferior meatus?

A
  • None of them directly
48
Q

What does the sphenoid sinus drain into?

A
  • The sphenoethmoidal recess above the superior concha
49
Q

Which sinus(es) is most commonly infected?

A
  • Maxillary sinuses - Opening for sinus is small and located on superior part of sinus, making it difficult to drain. Mucus membrane of sinus when congested, blocks opening

Anatomy (19 decks)

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