L13 - Org Psych 5 - values Flashcards
Conventional predictors of work performance assume that individuals with similar scores (e.g. ability/personality scores) on assessments will produce the same performance on the same job in different orgnaizations - however, this is not the case.
Why is this so?
Organizational Values
- the values of the organization will change how productive a person is*
- (some leads to more turnover)*
The notion that organisations may differ in terms of their values
has led to the development of the concept of ______ ______
organisational culture
What is meant by an individuals work values?
How important certain aspects of the job are
(promotion opportunities, pay, job security, managers, colleagues etc.)
What is person-organization fit
(also called person-culture fit)
How well the values of an employee fits with the values of the organization
How did Edgar Schein describe Organisational Culture?
A pattern of basic assumptions (e.g whats important, valued etc.) - invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with the problems of external adaptation and internal integration
that has worked well enough to be considered valid, and therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems
What is a summary of what organisational culture means?
A set of assumptions on how to solve, internal challenges, external challenges that gets passed on to new employees
each organization has a unique culture in how they respond and interact in different situations
What are the 3 steps in Edgar Schein’s Organisational Culture Model that go from the most easily observed to the more deeper levels of culture?
1. Easily observed artefacts (dress codes, mission statements, who gets offices etc. - visual things you can see that makes org unique)
2. Normative behaviour and values (accuracy, competitiveness, safety etc. - what is considered appropriate behaviour)
3. Basic beliefs related to work in the organisation (how problems should be solved - the anchor of what drives everything else, why people do what they do in the org)
If all the higher up’s of an organization are of the same religion and go to the same church and this influences the behaviour of the organisation - this is an example of what level of Schein’s Organisational Culture Model?
3. Basic beliefs related to work in the organisation
deepest level of organisational culture
If a person feels like they do not fit in with the existing employees of the organisation, this is an example of the employee not fitting in with the organisations ______
culture
Deeply ingrained within organisational culture are _________ processes
What does this mean?
communication
culture is transmitted through communication - it is through interactions with long term organisational members that new recruits are encultrurated
Stories and “legends” of what happened within an orgnaisation that are told to a new recruit is an example of _______
enculturation
its like an initiation
“Patients who wear pajamas and see hospital garb around them think
of themselves as sick. If they and their caretakers wear street clothes,
patients will think of themselves as moving out of the sick role and into
rehabilitation. They will be ready for life outside the hospital. This is
the rehab philosophy, and this is what makes this unit unique”
What is this an example of?
Cultural attire within the organisation
What did O’Reilly, Chatman and Caldwell (1991) find were the 8 organisational cultural factors that if were matched to the individual would result in higher job satisfaction over 12 months and less turnover after 24 months?
- Innovation
- Attention to detail
- Orientation to results
- Competitiveness
- Supportiveness
- Emphasis on growth and rewards
- Collaborative team orientation
- Decisiveness
An organisation’s culture could be described
in terms of 8 factors:
name them
(O’Reilly, Chatman and Caldwell, 1991)
- Innovation
- Attention to detail
- Orientation to results
- Competitiveness
- Supportiveness
- Emphasis on growth and rewards
- Collaborative team orientation
- Decisiveness
What is the value of understanding the factors that influence what people find important in regards to person-organisational culture? (Sarris, 2013)
It suggests the possibility that work values might be used to improve personnel selection
they can choose applicants whos values fit those of the culture
