L13 - memory and amnesia Flashcards
capgras syndrome
delusion of imposter - assoc w psychoses, brain lesion
freud view: love mother, hate father, sexual desire repressed thru childhood, blow to head released = attraction to mother - so weird, must be imposter.
- familiarity & mood - resembles mother, no feeling of warmth. no galvanic skin response
what is amnesia?
partial or total loss of memory.
multiple memory systems - diff learning/mem use independent neural process
LTM - explicit: conscious = episodic = semantic -implicit: unconsious = skills, habits, priming, conditioning - emotional: conscious or unconscious = attraction, avoidance, fear
STM - sensory, motor, cognitive.
memory classified by CONTENT
declarative
non-declarative
declarative mem - where
explicit. facts, events
- medial temporal lobe, diencephalon.
non-declarative - what kind? where?
implicit skill/habits = striatum priming = neocortex classical conditioning - emotion : amygdala - skeletal musculature : cerebellum nonassociative = reflex pathway
memory classified by PROCESS
encoding = process of memory storage
retrieval = process of remembering
free recall: retrieval without aid of cues
cued recall: retrieval with cues
recognition: stimulus triggers remembering
memory classified by TIME
Sensory mem - iconic < 1 sec; echoic < 2 sec
STM = <15 sec, hold 7+/- units - is conscious and active *chunking put a hole in this
LTM - episodic, semantic, procedural. forever (if recalled regularly)
STM and LTM refer to temporal stages of memory
murdock’s big three - within episodic memory
memory for items
memory for associations
memory for order
memory for items
murdock’s big three
paradigms include: recognition,, free recall,
brain areas: hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, various neocortical areas
memory for associations
murdock’s big three
paradigms: classic paired associate learning (cued recall); associative recogntion
brain areas: hippocampus. (unless terms co-occur to point where theyre processes as one.
memory for order
paradigms: serial recall, judgements of relative recency
brain areas: if relational, hippocampus; evidence for PFC
memory function relies on three stages
- encoding learning
- storage, rehearsal, re-encoding
- retrieval memory probe process, memory search
HM - damage? symptoms?
bilateral trasection of temporal lobes
- global anterograde amnesia, partial retrograde amnesia.
- good spatial mem. small piece of hippocampus remained
3 types of amnesia - 2 + 1 syndrome assoc w
anterograde amnesia : inability to acquire new mems.
retrograde - inability to remember old mems - easier to remember older than newer ppast mems
korsakoff: brain damage assoc w chronic alcoholism.
varieties of amnesia
infantile amnesia fugue state transient global amnesia electroconvulsive shock therapy restricted brain damage = specific amnesia
infantile amnesia
loss of mem for early years of life. - brain cant encode and maintain mems when young
fugue state
mem loss - no knowledge of life.
transient global amnesia
sudden onset, acute, short course.
- loss of old mems, inability to form new mems.
- concussion, epilepsy, migraine, hypoglycemia
Electroconvulsice shock therapy
treatment for depression. can produce transient amnesia - lot of retrograde, some anterograde
restricted brain damage = specific amnesia
amnesia for verb, noun, animal. rare
ECT study
before = remember tv show thats closer in time
after ect = overall prformance decrease. greater deficit in early/mid-retrograde events.
temporal gradient of amnesia = ribot’s law
- time gradient in retrograde amnesia, recent mem more likely lost than more remote mems.
- encoding happening thru healing process - problem accessing when healing, but they’re encoding = once healed can be accesses
korsakoff’’s syndrome
characterization?
- cause
- damage?
anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia - confabulation meager content in convo lack of insight apathy - caused by lack of vit b1 - damage to medial thalamuc, mamillary bodies of hypothelamus, & general atrophy
