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Cells, Organisms, & System > L10 Linkage and Meiosis > Flashcards

L10 Linkage and Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

Meiosis

A

Process that halves chromosome number in germ cells.

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2
Q

Chromosome Segregation

A

Distribution of chromosomes into daughter cells.

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3
Q

Haploid Daughter Cells

A

Cells with half the chromosome complement.

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4
Q

Independent Assortment

A

Random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis.

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5
Q

Meiosis I

A

First meiotic division, specialized for genetic variation.

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6
Q

Synapsis

A

Pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

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7
Q

Crossing Over

A

Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

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8
Q

Synaptonemal Complex

A

Structure facilitating synapsis of homologous chromosomes.

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9
Q

Crossover Recombination

A

Creation of novel allele combinations in gametes.

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10
Q

Genetic Linkage

A

Tendency of genes to be inherited together.

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11
Q

Recombinant Frequency

A

Percentage of recombinant offspring from a cross.

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12
Q

CentiMorgan (cM)

A

Unit of measure for genetic linkage distance.

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13
Q

Mendelian Ratios

A

Expected ratios of genotypes from Mendelian inheritance.

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14
Q

Parental Genotype Ratios

A

Genotype ratios reflecting no crossing over.

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15
Q

Linked Genes

A

Genes located close together on the same chromosome.

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16
Q

Unlinked Genes

A

Genes that assort independently, often on different chromosomes.

17
Q

Two Crossover Events

A

Can maintain parental genotype despite recombination.

18
Q

Linkage-Based Diagnostic Test

A

Test determining parental origin of chromosome regions.

19
Q

Monogenic Disease Screening

A

Testing for single-gene disorders using linkage.

20
Q

Gametes

A

Haploid cells produced during meiosis.

21
Q

Recombinant Chromatids

A

Chromatids with new allele combinations after crossing over.

22
Q

Fertilisation

A

Union of gametes requiring halved chromosome number.

23
Q

Homologous Chromosomes

A

Chromosome pairs with same genes but different alleles.

Cells, Organisms, & System (15 decks)

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