L1: Skull Flashcards
What are the Muscles of Mastification?
Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid
What are the Muscles of Mastication Innervated by?
Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve
Temporalis
O: Temporal Fossa
I: Coronoid Process & Ramus of Mandible
F: Elevates and Retracts Mandible
NS: Mandibular Nerve -> Deep Temporal Nerve
Masseter
O: Zygomatic Bone & Arch
A: Angle & Lateral Surface (Ramus) of Mandible
F: Elevates and Protracts Mandible
NS: Mandibular Nerve -> Masseteric Nerve
Lateral Pterygoid
O: Greater Wing of Sphenoid and L-Pterygoid Plate
I: Condyloid process of mandible
F: Bilaterally Protracts and Depresses Mandible
Unilaterally Swings Jaw Contralaterally
NS: Mandibular Nerve
Medial Pterygoid
O: Maxilla and Medial Pterygoid Plate
I: Medial Surface (Ramus) of Mandible
F: Acts Synergistically w/ Masseter (Elevates & Protracts)
NS: Mandibular Nerve
How Many Bones does the Human Skull Have?
8 Cranial
14 Facial
What are the 8 Cranial Bones?
Frontal Bone
Occipital Bone
Parietal Bone (Paired)
Temporal Bone (Paired)
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
What are the 14 Facial Bones?
Vomer Bone
Mandible
Maxilla (Paired)
Nasal Bone (Paired)
Lacrimal (Paired)
Zygomatic (Paired)
Palatine Bone (Paired)
Inferior Conchae (Paired)
Which Skull bones are Unpaired?
6
Frontal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Vomer
Mandible
What does the Saggital Suture Connect?
2 Parietal Bones
What does the Lamdoid Suture Connect?
Parietal and Occipital Bones
What does the Coronal Suture Join?
Parietal and Frontal Bones
What does the Squamous Suture Join?
Parietal and Temporal Bones
What are the 3 Regions where the Sutures Come in Contact with each other?
Lambda - Sagittal and Lambdoid Sutures
Bregma - Sagittal and Coronal Sutures
Pterion - Coronal and Squamous Suture
There are 6 total Conchae Bones (3 Paired). What are they and what Bones are they a part of?
Superior and Middle Conchae are a part of the Ethmoid Bone
Inferior Cobchae are their own bones
Which Bones form the Cranial Cavity?
8 (include which are paired)
Frontal bone
Parietal bones (paired, two)
Temporal bones (paired, two)
Occipital bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Which Bones surround the Orbit/Eyesocket?
7 (not including paired)
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Zygomatic bones
Maxillae
Lacrimal bones
Palatine bones
Which Bones make up the boundary of the nasal cavity?
5 (not including pairs)
Nasal bones (paired, two)
Maxilla
Ethmoid bone
Palatine bones (paired, two)
Inferior nasal conchae (paired, two)
What is the Nasal Opening on the Skull called?
Piriform Aperture
What is the most frequently fractured bone in the Skulls Cranium?
Located on the inferior side of the cranium, the sphenoid bone would seemingly be well protected from trauma. Actually, just the opposite is true, and in fact the sphenoid is the most frequently fractured bone of the cranium. It has several broad, thin plate-like extensions that are perforated and weakened with numerous foramina. A blow to almost any portion of the skull causes the buoyed, fluid-filled brain to rebound against the vulnerable sphenoid bone, often causing it to fracture.
What occurs if two palatine processes fail to join during early prenatal development?
If the two palatine processes fail to join during early prenatal development, a cleft palate results.
A cleft lip lateral may accompany a cleft palate to the midline. These conditions can be surgically treated with excellent success. A more immediate problem, however, is that a newborn with a cleft palate may have a difficult time swallowing while nursing because it is unable to create the necessary suction within the oral cavity.
