L1 CHP 1 - Microbiomes, typesof microorganisms Flashcards
What is a micro-organism?
organisms that are too small to be seen w/ just our eyes
What are the different types of micro-organisms?
bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses, and multicellular animal cells
What are things some microorganisms do that either benefit or don’t benefit humans?
- are pathogenic
- make fermented foods
- make chemical products
- used in disease treatments
- constitute the human microbiome
How many body cells does the adult human compose of? How many bacterial cells?
- 30 trillion body cells
- 40 trillion body cells
What are a group of microbes that live in/on the human body called?
The human microbiome
Describe some of the destructive and beneficial actions of microbes:
- some are pathogens
- decompose organic waste
pos:
- create fermented foods
- create chemicals used in disease treatment
- generate oxygen through photosynthesis
-produce chemical products like ethanol, acetone’
- constitute the human microbiome
What are the different types of microorganisms?
-bacteria
-fungi
-viruses
-archaea
- protozoa
- algae
- multicellular animal parasites
What is a prokaryote?
a cell whose genetic material is NOT enclosed in a nuclear envelope
What is bacteria?
a unicellular organism
has a peptidoglycan cell wall
lacks organelles and a organized nucleus
How do bacteria reproduce?
by dividing into two equal cells; binary fission
How do bacteria get nutrition?
organic and inorganic chemicals photosynthesis
What is archaea?
unicellular prokaryote
LACKS peptidoglycan wall
reproduce asexually
lives in extreme conditions
NOT known to cause human disease
What are the 3 main groups of archaea and where do they live?
- Methogens:
produce methane as a waste product from respiration - extreme halophiles
live in extremely salty environments - extreme thermophiles
live in hot sulfurous water
What is fungi?
eukaryote
has chitin cell walls
multi or unicellular
sexually or asexually
how do fungi get their energy?
through absorbing organic chemicals