L1 and L2 Acquisition Flashcards
Critical Period Hypothesis
hypothesis that language acquisition can reach native ability from early childhood to adolescence.
This hypothesis supoorts the idea that language acquisition should happen between age two and puberty. This theory is not universally accepted.
Countable Nouns
nouns that have a quantity that can be determined using numbers
potatoes, clients, buildings
Idiom
a phrase or expression that does not mean the same as the literal words
“Break a leg” “back to the drawing board” “spill the beans”
Behaviorist Theories
show pairs of stimuli and responses where one action directly leads to another
The “drill and kill” approach would be used by a teacher supporting the Behaviorist Theory.
Circumlocution
the use of many words to describe something when fewer would be sufficient
A student says “the colored sticks you rub on paper to make different colors” instead of “crayons.”
Cognitive Theories
allow for the mind to work through steps to get to the response
“Think time” is intentionally part of instruction.
Determiner
words that provide information about nouns; vital for forming meaningful statements or questions
a, an, the, this, that, my, your, some, many
Dysnomia
difficulty in recalling names or words needed for oral or written language
A student has no trouble reading a passage about early American history, but cannot produce the names of the Founding Fathers when called upon to speak about it.
Uncountable Noun
nouns that do not have a quantity that can be determined using numbers
water, love, safety
Connector
word that relates words, phrases, or clauses to each other
if, so that, therefore, however
Aspect
words that determine if the statement is referring to a single action, a repeated or regular action, or a progressive/ongoing state or action
will have talked vs. will be talking
Tense
words that indicate if a statement is referring to past time, present time, or future time
Past- She spoke. Present- She speaks. Future- She will speak.
Varying Labels
multiple ways to refer to the same thing
dress and jumper; sneakers and tennis shoes
Minimal Pairs
phonemes that are similar and difficult to distinguish
save/safe; pass/path
