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اساسيات التغذية > L1 > Flashcards

L1 Flashcards

1
Q

not a nutrient but is essential for life existence.

A

Oxygen

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2
Q

essential, but not regarded as a nutrient.

A

Water

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3
Q

not a nutrient, but creates a climate where life is possible, and food can grow.

A

Ambient temperature (between 0 and 30° C)

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4
Q

Energy (calories) Essential nutrients:

A

protein, nitrogen and essential amino acids.
essential fatty acids.

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5
Q

Trace elements (dietary mineral needed very minute for proper growth and development).

A

Vitamins

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6
Q

Energy directly and indirectly comes from the:

A

Sun

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7
Q

Plants capture and store sun energy (grains, vegetables, and fruits)

A

Photosynthesis

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8
Q

Human obtain its energy by eating animals and plants.

A

True

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9
Q

The six main nutrients are:

A

Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

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10
Q

The processes by which nutrients are broken down to yield energy or rearranged into body structures

A

Metabolism

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11
Q

reactions in which small molecules are put together to build larger ones

A

Anabolism

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12
Q

Reactions in which large molecules are broken down into smaller ones. reactions usually release energy and often involve oxidation

A

Catabolism

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13
Q

Human body requires energy to move and work.

A

True

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14
Q

Components of human body and the food are not the same

A

False

Components of human body and the food are the same i.e. both are made of the same materials

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15
Q

is what we eat

A

Diet

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16
Q

is important to stay alive

A

Diet

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17
Q

is what we get from the things we eat (what our cells and tissues actually receive).

A

nutrition

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18
Q

determines how healthy you will be while you are alive.

A

nutrition

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19
Q

is science of foods and nutrients and its actions within the body.

A

Nutrition

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20
Q

are components in food, as minerals and vitamins, which the body uses for growth, repair, skin renewal, bone growth, maintenance of tissues, regulation of body processes & providing energy and immunity.

A

Nutrients

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21
Q

any subject that could be eaten or drunk for supply of nutrients for human health.

A

Food

22
Q

is the study of diet prescription in health and disease for both individual and community

A

Dietetics

23
Q

Importance of nutrition

A

1-Maintenance of our bodies (energy level, healthy weight, immune system, skin health, regulate body functions, etc.).
2-Prevention and treatment of diseases.
3-Normal growth and development in infants and children.
4-Healthy balanced diet is important part of healthy lifestyle.
5-Reduce risk of chronic diseases & promote overall health.

24
Q

malnutrition makes us more vulnerable to disease and premature death.

A

True

malnutrition: سوء التغذية

25
Q

It is the rate at which the body uses energy while at rest to maintain vital functions such as breathing and keeping warm.

A

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

26
Q

A unit by which energy is measured

A

Kilocalories/calories

27
Q

calories

A

the amount of heat required to raised the temperature of 1 gram of water to 1 degree Celsius

28
Q

1 g. carb –
1 g. protein –
1g. Fat –

A

4 kcal
4 kcal
9 kcal

29
Q

Classification of Food

A

1-Classification by origin
2-Classification by chemical composition
3-Classification by Predominant Function

30
Q

Classification by origin:

A

1-Foods of animal origin
2-Foods of plants origin

31
Q

Classification by chemical composition:

A

1-Proteins
2-Fats
3-Carbohydrates
4-Vitamins
5-Minerals

32
Q

Classification by Predominant Function:

A

1-Body Building Foods- meat, milk, poultry, fish, eggs, pulses etc.
2-Energy Giving Foods- cereals, sugars, fats, oils etc.
3-Protective Foods- vegetables, fruits, milk, etc.

33
Q

Types of Food

A

Whole Foods

Enriched and Fortified Foods

Fast Foods

Functional Foods

Medical Foods

Natural Foods

Processed Foods

Staple Foods

34
Q

Milk and milk products, meats (fish, poultry, beef, etc.), vegetables (dried beans, peas, etc.) , fruits, and grains.

What type of food?

A

Whole foods

35
Q

Also called basic Foods. It forms the basis of the nutrition:

A

Whole Foods

36
Q

supplementation of nutrients

What type of food?

A

Enriched and Fortified Foods

37
Q

Restaurant foods which is available within minutes.

What type of food?

A

Fast Foods

38
Q

Whole or modified foods that contain bioactive food components (probiotic drinks and also found in vegetables, fruits, grains, nuts, tea, and beverages, etc.)

What type of food?

A

Functional Foods

39
Q

Prepared for patients and administered under medical advice

What type of food?

A

Medical Foods

40
Q

No legal definition but implies wholesomeness

What type of food?

A

Natural Foods

41
Q

Foods subjected to any process such as milling, alteration of texture, addition of additives etc.

What type of food?

A

Processed Foods

42
Q

Foods used frequently or daily such as bread, rice, potatoes etc.

What type of food?

A

Staple Foods

43
Q

5 Basic Diet Planning Principles ?

A

1-Variety
2-Moderation
3-balance
4-Calorie Control
5-Adequacy

44
Q

is the process of combining food stuffs from different food groups to construct a meal.

A

Diet Planning

45
Q

A food that supplies large amounts of nutrients relative to the number of calories it contains is:

A

nutrient dense

46
Q

The higher the level of nutrients and the fewer the calories (,………………………………………….…………………)

كلما زادت المكونات الغذائية وقلت كمية الكالوري في الطعام

ماذا يحدث ؟

A

The more nutrient dense the food

زادت كثافة الطعام

47
Q

It is a process in which intact grains are refined (broken apart) into components:

A

Refinement

48
Q

Addition of nutrients lost during processing so that food meets a specified standard:

A

Enrichment

49
Q

If the food is labeled “enriched” then the vitamins and/or minerals which were lost have simply been added back to restore it to it’s original nutritional value

A

True

50
Q

Addition of nutrients that may not have been present in the first place or were present in insignificant amounts.

A

Fortification

اساسيات التغذية (9 decks)

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