L04: Digestive System (Brown)

Question 1

How does mucus barrier work?

Answer 1

-mucin glycoproteins secreted by goblet cells bind microbes -microbes can’t attach to epi cells -combines w/ peristalsis to promote removal

Question 2

Bacterial interference

Answer 2

Normal flora and colonization resistance; -some produce inhibitory compounds (esp. Anaerobes) and natural anti-inflammatories -newborns most susceptible to dz, esp. in mid-jejunum and distal ileum

Question 3

Immune defense systems in digestive system

Answer 3

-colostrum: PASSIVE protection -ACTIVE immunosurveillance (neuts, macs, dendritic cells, plasma cells, lymphocytes) -COMMON mucosal immune system

Question 4

Components of common mucosal immune system

Answer 4

-GALT -M cells that sample Ag and serve as potential portal of entry (? Look up) -sIGA and IgM

Question 5

Antimicrobial products in saliva (DNK)

Answer 5

Ig Complement Isozyme Lactoferrin Peroxidases Defensins

Question 6

Antimicrobial products in Intestines (DNK)

Answer 6

Bile salts Alpha and beta defensins (Paneth cells)

Question 7

Antimicrobial products in pancreas (DNK)

Answer 7

Lactoferrin Peroxidases

Question 8

Antimicrobial products in colostrum (DNK)

Answer 8

Ig Lactoferrin Lysozyme

Question 9

Roles of normal gut microbial flora

Answer 9

-protect against pathogens -intestinal villi formation -synthesis of nutrients (Vit. K) -degradation of secreted glycoproteins to help est. functional mucus consistency -decrease and regulate inflammation -established after birth

Question 10

Composition of normal gut flora

Answer 10

Almost all obligate anaerobes -produce fatty acids that inhibit pathogens

Question 11

Normal flora on tongue, teeth, plaques, buccal surface

Answer 11

Non-hemolytic strep Pasteurellaceae Actinomyces sp. E. Coli Etc…

Question 12

Normal flora in gingival crevices

Answer 12

Obligate anaerobes: bacteroides, fusobacterium, peptostreptococcus, porpyromonas, prevotella *form biofilms, esp. Porpyromonas

Question 13

Normal flora in esophagus

Answer 13

NONE except what comes from saliva contamination

Question 14

Normal flora in LIV/GB/pancreas

Answer 14

NONE; should be sterile

Question 15

Common canine viral infections almost all present with diarrhea and vomiting: Adenovirus Coronavirus Distemper Parvo Exceptions:

Answer 15

Canine oral papillomavirus –> oral cavity warts Canine adenovirus I –> d/v + jaundice

Question 16

Stomatitis assoc. with which viral infections in cats?

Answer 16

Feline calicivirus FIV FeLeuk

Question 17

2ary gingivitis assoc. with which viral infections in cats?

Answer 17

FIV FeLeuk

Question 18

Feline calicivirus assoc. with what CS and which age most commonly presents?

Answer 18

Ulcerative stomatitis Usually

Question 19

FIV assoc. with what CS and which age most commonly presents?

Answer 19

2ary gingivitis/stomatitis, diarrhea Any age

Question 20

FIP assoc. with what CS and which age most commonly presents?

Answer 20

Ileal or colonic granulomas w/ vomiting or constipation Any age, usually

Question 21

FeLeuk assoc. with what CS and which age most commonly presents?

Answer 21

2ary gingivitis/stomatitis, diarrhea/vomiting due to alimentary lymphoma Any age

Question 22

Feline panleuk assoc. with what CS and which age most commonly presents?

Answer 22

D/v Any age, usually 2-12 mo.

Question 23

Feline rotavirus assoc. with what CS and which age most commonly presents?

Answer 23

Diarrhea 1-8 wks

Question 24

Natural antimicrobial defense mechanisms in digestive system

Answer 24

1) gastric acidity (barrier, inactivates some viruses, bactericidal for most enterics, exception helicobater pylorus) 2) peristalsis (removes nonadherent bacteria, esp. In SI; limits size of populations of potential pathogens, indirectly distributes normal flora) 3) mucus & mucosal integrity 4) local protection and prevention of systemic spread of gut pathogens 5) epithelial monolayer 6) bacterial interference

Question 25

Answer 25

:)

Question 26

Answer 26

:)

Question 27