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Immunology > L-36 > Flashcards

L-36 Flashcards

1
Q

What are B cells?

A

Lymphocytes that develop in the bone marrow

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2
Q

Do B cells travel to the thymus?

A

no

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3
Q

What is expressed on the surface of B cells?

A

Unique antigen receptors (BCR or secreted antibody)

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4
Q

What are plasma cells?

A

Activated B cells that secrete antibody

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5
Q

What determines the shape of plasma cells?

A

Extensive Golgi body necessary for antibody production

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6
Q

Do B and T lymphocytes develop in red or yellow bone marrow?

A

Red

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7
Q

Around how many BCRs cover the surface of each B cell?

A

100,000

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8
Q

Which main antibody isotypes are expressed on the surface of B cells?

A

IgM, IgD

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9
Q

What turns the B cell into a plasma cell?

A

BCR binding antigen and interaction with T cell

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10
Q

What does BCR have that secreted antibodies don’t?

A

transmembrane domain

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11
Q

What are the three functions of antibodies?

A
  • neutralisation
  • opsonisation
  • complement activation
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12
Q

Which antibody isotype is best at complement activation?

A

IgM

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13
Q

When is the phagocyte attraction to antibody strongest?

A

When antibody is bound to antigen

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14
Q

What is the most abundant antibody class in the blood?

A

IgG

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15
Q

What is the function of the IgG antibody?

A

to opsonise/ neutralise

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16
Q

Which two classes of antibody provide passive immunity to babies?

A

IgG, IgA

17
Q

Which is the only antibody class that crosses the placenta?

A

IgG

18
Q

What class of antibody is present in secretions such as tears, saliva, mucus, and breast milk?

A

IgA

19
Q

What is the function of IgA?

A
  • defend mucous membranes especially in the gut

- confers passive immunity to nursing infants

20
Q

What is the first antibody class produced after initial exposure to antigens?

A

IgM

21
Q

Which antibody class is a pentamer when excreted?

A

IgM

22
Q

What is the function of IgM?

A
  • target extracellular bacteria

- activates complement

23
Q

Which antibody class is present in the blood in low concentrations?

A

IgE

24
Q

What is the function of IgE antibodies?

A
  • provide immunity to multicellular parasites

- responsible for allergic reactions

25
Q

Where is IgD expressed?

A

On naive B cells

26
Q

What is the function of IgD antibodies?

A
  • specific function unknown

- responsible for signalling

27
Q

Do memory cells secrete antibody?

A

No but they do express antibodies as BCR

28
Q

How many days does it take in the primary immune response for sufficient antibody to be produced to eliminate pathogen?

A

7-14

29
Q

What is the main antibody class produced in the primary immune response?

A

IgM

30
Q

How many days does it take for the secondary immune response to produce enough antibody to eliminate pathogen?

A

2-3 days

Immunology (10 decks)

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