L 21 Flashcards
In what tenses does contraction occur; what happens in the other tenses?
1) Only with first principle part
2) The vowel lengthens
3) in all moods
What happens when an alpha contracts with an “e” type vowel (ε, ει, η, or ῃ)
an alpha will appear in the result
What happens when an alpha contracts with an “o” type vowel
an omega results
What are the two main exceptions to the contract rules?
1) Present active infinitives in -αω and -ηω (for example, ἀγαπά + ειν) end in -ᾶν and ην
2) present active infinitives in -οω (πληρό + ειν) end in -οῦν
ο + ει =
οι
ε+ο, ο+ε, & ο+ο =
ου
ε+ε, ε+ει =
ει
1) ο or ω + any vowel =
2) The exception is rule # 1 (ε+ο, ο+ε, & ο+ο)
ω
1) α+ε or α+η=
α
1) ε+α =
η
What happens if the contract vowel and the first vowel of the diphthong are the same? For example ποιε + εις?
1) They simplify
2) ποιε + εις = ποιεις
ε+η=
η
ο+ῃ=
οι
ε + ου =
ου
ο + ου =
ου
Are contracted syllables long or short?
long
Anything contracted with omega
yields omega
What cases do reflexive pronouns take?
All except nominative; they refer back to the subject
Neuter are only included in what reflexive pronoun?
the third person reflexive
ἑαυτοῦ
What is unique about the plural forms of the reflexive pronouns?
They all have the same forms regardless if first, second, or third person
ἑαυτῶν
Uses of πᾶς
1) predicate: all, every (very common)
ἑώρακα πάντα τὰ πλοῖα, “I have seen all the boats”
2) attributive: whole, entire (less common)
ὁ πᾶς νόμος διδάσκει ἀγάπην, “The whole law teaches love”
3) Substantive (articular and anarthrous):
εἶπεν ὁ διδάσκαλος αὐτοῖς τὰ πάντα ἐν παραβολαῖς, “The teacher told them all things in parables”
πᾶς in singular and plural
1) Without the article πᾶς means “every” or each” with a singular noun
2) Without the article πᾶς means “all” with plural nouns
πᾶς λόγος πληρωθήσεται, “Every word will be fulfilled”;
ἡ ἁμαρτία εἰσῆλθεν εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους, “Sin has entered into all persons.”
What can I expect for accenting in contract verbs? And in what principle part does this occur?
Most of the time there will be a circumflex over the contraction.
Only in the first principle part (present and imperfect)
