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Anatomy > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Femur

A

Bone of the thigh
Longest bone in the body

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2
Q

Femur - head

A

Proximal extremity
Almost spherical
Articulates with acetabulum of the hip

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3
Q

Femur - fovea

A

A pit in the centre of the head
For ligaments that attach to the hip

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4
Q

Femur - neck

A

Constricted area below the head

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5
Q

Femur - greater trochanter

A

Expanded tuberosity from lateral aspect of the neck

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6
Q

Femur - lesser trochanter

A

Smaller tuberosity from medial aspect of the neck

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7
Q

Femur - intertrochanteric crest

A

Thick, rounded line
Joins the greater and lesser trochanters anteriorly

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8
Q

Femur - linea aspera

A

Longitudinal ridge in the posterior aspect of the shaft
Provides a point of origin for lots of muscles

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9
Q

Femur - lateral epicondyle

A

Small bony projection on the lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle

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10
Q

Femur - medial epicondyle

A

Projection from the medial surface of the medial femoral condyle

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11
Q

Femur - lateral condyle

A

Large articular prominence
Distal end of the shaft
Articulation with the lateral tibial condyle

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12
Q

Femur - medial condyle

A

Large, medial articular prominence
At distal end of the shaft
Articulation with the medial tibial condyle

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13
Q

Femur - intercondylar fossa

A

Deep notch separating the medial and lateral condyles posteriorly

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14
Q

Femur - patellar surface

A

Anterior part of the distal femoral articular surface that articulates with the posterior surface of the patella

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15
Q

Tibial plateau - anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

A

Limit anterior and posterior movements and dislocation of the knee

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16
Q

Tibial plateau - medial and lateral meniscus

A

Crescent shape
Fibrocartilage
Supported by coronary ligament
Tethered in by transverse ligaments
Locate the distal head of the femur
Adding congruence

17
Q

Tibial plateau - articular cartilage

A

On medial and lateral tibia condyle
Hyaline cartilage
Smooth
Friction-free movement

18
Q

Ligaments

A

Anterior cruciate ligament
Posterior cruciate ligament
Lateral collateral ligament
Medial collateral ligament

19
Q

Ligaments - fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

A

Small ligament
Lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibular
Prevent rocking and lateral movements and dislocation

20
Q

Ligaments - tibial (medial) collateral ligament

A

Larger
Medial epicondyle of femur to medial tibia
Blends with joint capsule and edge of the medial meniscus - reinforces the joint
Prevent rocking and lateral movements and dislocation

21
Q

Bursa

A

Between medial tibial collateral ligament and the hamstring muscles
Infrapatella, prepatella bursa - cushioning knee during kneeling, allow movement overlying skin
Suprapatella bursa - facilitates movement of quadriceps tendon over underlying structures

22
Q

Fat pad

A

Infrapatellar fat pad - just behind the patella ligament, shock absorber, facilitates movement of patellar tendon relative to other structures

23
Q

Capsule

A

Around anteriorly
Outer fibrous layer - not fully anteriorly
Area of oblique popliteal ligament and arcuate ligament - support the capsule in place
Medial and lateral patellar Retinaculum - support and forms an analogous structure to the fibrous joint capsule anteriorly

24
Q

Blood supply

A

Genicular branches do the femoral and popliteal artery
Branches from popliteal and tibial artery
Branches form anastomoses

25
Q

Nerve supply

A

Genicular nerve - sensory branches of obturator, tibial, common peroneal
Branched of obturator, femoral and sciatic nerves

26
Q

Knee flexors

A

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris
Gastrocnemius

27
Q

Knee extensors

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius

28
Q

Knee medial rotators

A

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Sartorius
Gracilis
Popliteus

29
Q

Knee lateral rotators

A

Biceps femoris

Anatomy (9 decks)

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