Forearm/Elbow Flashcards
Radius
Lateral long bone of forearm
Humeroradial joint
Superior radioulnar joint
Middle radioulnar joint
Inferior radioulnar joint
Radiocarpal joint
Radius - head
Expanded proximal end
Convex upper surface articulates with the humerus
Circular circumference articulates with the ulna
Radius - tuberosity
Projection from the upper shaft
Insertion of biceps brachii muscle
Radius - shaft
Triangular cross-section
Connects the two extremities
Radius - Interosseous border
Sharp medial crest
Attachment of the Interosseous membrane
Radius - ulnar notch
Depression on the medial aspect of the distal end
Articulates with the ulna
Radius - styloid process
Lateral projection from the distal end of the radius
Ulna
Medial long bone of forearm
Humerulnar joint
Superior radioulnar joint
Middle radioulnar joint
Inferior radioulnar joint
Ulnocarpal joint
Ulna - trochlea notch
Large, saddle-shaped notch in the proximal end of the bone
Articulates with the trochlea of the humerus
Ulna - coronoid process
Anterior, raised projection of the trochlea notch
Ulna - Olecranon
Elongation located proximally on the posterior surface of the ulna
Ulna - radial notch
Lateral to the trochlea notch
Articulates with the head of the radius
Ulna - Interosseous border
Sharp, lateral crest
Attachment of the Interosseous membrane
Ulna - styloid process
Palpable medial projection of the distal ulna
Humeroulnar joint
Bones - Humerus, trochlea. Ulna, trochlea notch
Synovial hinge joint
Flexion and extension
Olecranon process accommodated by the Olecranon (humerus) fossa
Humeroradial joint
Bones - Humerus, capitulum. Radius, head
Synovial hinge joint
Flexion and extension
Proximal radioulnar joint
Bones - Radius, head. Ulna, radial notch
Synovial pivot joint
Allows rotation
Proximal radioulnar joint - supernation
Pronator teres - rotates the head of the radius inside the annular ligament of the radius
Proximal radioulnar joint - pronation
As the radius rotates it crosses over the ulna
Pronator teres - pulls the radius across the ulna
Proximal radioulnar joint - radial collateral ligament
Supports joint capsule - helps improve structural integrity
Leaves the radius free to rotate
From the lateral epicondyle to the annular ligament of the radius
Proximal radioulnar joint - ulnar collateral ligament
Supports joint capsule - helps improve structural integrity
Multiple bands
Anterior band - cord like
Posterior band - fan like
Oblique band
Heavier and firmer attachment
Proximal radioulnar joint - annular ligament
Holds the head of the radius against the radial notch of the ulna
Attached to the radial collateral ligament
Not attached to radius - allows radius to rotate
Some instability
Distal radioulnar joint
Articular disc - Fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, flexible. From ulnar styloid process across to the head of the radius
Ulna articulates with the articular discs
Radius articulates with the bones of the hand
Palmer radioulnar ligament
Dorsal radioulnar ligament
Nerve supply
Median nerve
Ulnar nerve
Radial nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Blood supply
Brachial artery
Axillary artery
Deep posterior branch of brachial artery
Deep extensors
Supinator
Extensors indicis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus
Superficial extensors
Anconeus
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Deep flexors
Brachioradialis
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Superficial flexors
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Palmaris longus
