KMT power struggle Flashcards
when was CCP founded
1921
first united front was ___, what was its purpose
alliance between nationalists and communists
Purpose
-unification - getting rid of warlords
shanghai massacre
= killinh a lot of communists by nationalists, communists went underground
KMT =
nationalist party
who is this
mao zedong
who is this
zhou enlai
who is this
chiang kai shek
who is this
madame chiang
CCP =
chinese communist party
development of chinese communism
CCP going underground in rural china.
-KMT extermination campaigns
-long march
-yenan as communist head quarters
why did CCP go undergournd
because 5,000 communists were sluaghtered by nationalosts
how long did long march take
one year
how many extermination campaigns were there against communists
5, last one was worse but communists had good avoidance strategies.
what was yenan like
poor area, the people there lived in caves. no one wanted to go there to catch communists.
what threats were China facing around1930s
communists threat and japan was also a foreign aggressor as well
what was the manchurian incdent
staged by japanese military
japanese miliatry destroyed a section of the railroad they put money into and blamed chinese (staged) so they have excuse to take over entire manchuria.
why were japanese in manchuria in the first place
because of sino-japanese war and russo-japanese war
did japan end up taking over manchuria
yes and it became their puppet state
jiang kai shek’s policies
they were peculiar:
let japanese have manchuria so e could dedicate energy and resources to fight communists.
what was most fatal in jiang kai sheks eyes
communism
what was jiang kai sheks view of politics
“communists are a diease of the heart, Japanese are a disease of skin”
what was the xian incident
young marshall kidnaped jiang kai skek (general)
-force shek to agree to work with communists for 2nd united front (best interest of country) shek agree d so he would not be killed.
how did young marshall feel about the xian incident
young marshall felt bad so he flew back with shek to Nanjing and placed under house arrest until shek died
second united front formed because
shek was arm twisted into it to preserve his life
who was mao’s right hand man
zhou enlai
who is this
young marshall
young marshalls backstory
his hometwon is manchuria. his dad was killed by Jap, so when asked to fight communists he saif no because he felt his job was to fight japanese
what do communists say about their enemy
that them and the nationalists have a common enemy being the japaese
what was the beginning of world war II in asia
the marco polo bridge incidentwh
what was the marco polo bridge incident (1937)
shots were fired near the brdige when japanese olider was “lost” in city, but chinese did not let the japanese soliders in
japans attack on shanghai (1937)
before US joined war they say if US did not join Japan would have tried to take more
the rape of nanking (1937-1938)
over the course of six weeks 30,000 women were raped and 300,000 people were killed
-known as asian holocaust
what two cities are the chinese moral lifelines
shanghai and beijing
who was the forgotten ally during WWII
china
-china engaged a lot of Japanese troops and suffered 14million losses (including those in rape of nanking)
initial american neutrality in war
people focused on american matters
1929 = great depression which is even more reason to not invove themselves
what did american companies sell to japanese in neutrality
oil, iron, steel, rubber
US moral embargo against Japan
because of rape of nanking
-no penalty (no teeth to it)
tiny step forward from neutrality but had little impact
US laon to china of $25mill
china needed economic aid, but it was against neutrality.
money was conditioned: in process china had to use it to buy american goods/materials
Japans greater east asia co-prosperity sphere in asia
japanese did not stop in shanghai and beijing
-japanese waned to conquest all islad areas in asia
IMPORTANT: we will collectively be prosperous (think japaese culture of shinto and them being best)
US economic sanctions against Japan
BEFORE PEARL HARBOR
-us could not let japan take over phillipines because it is US terriroty so they imposed economic danctions against Japan (no trade items)
what did the US economic sanctions against Japan encourage japan to do
-encouraged Japan to conquer indonesia because it had the resources Japan could not get from US anymore
who were gernal claire chennault and the flying tigers
americans who flew supplies over hump to help chinese (from burma to China)
burma was only place not taken by japanese
did chinese government pay general claire chennault
yes
were the flying tigers an official mission
no, china had a weak air force so they got pilots together because they were tired of US action
