Kingdom Plantae Flashcards
Land plant characteristics
-Eukaryotic
-Autotrophic (food from photosynthesis)
-Cell wall is cellulose
-Terrestrial (land plants)
-Alternation of generations (back n forth between asexual and sexual reproduction)
-Embryophytes=protected embryo (phyto = plants embryophyte = land plants)
Alternation of generations
Two life cycle of plants that switch from asexual to sexual reproduction
1st cycle is Sporophyte (Diploid)
2nd cycle is Gametophyte (Haploid)
Four group type of plants
Bryophytes
Ferns
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
They are all monophyletic (share common ancestry and show movement of steps from water to land plants)
Analogy in human of diploid and haploid
Diploid are body cells ex:liver, skin, hair
Haploid are gametes and gonads (reproductive parts) ex:sperms and eggs
Steps in alternation of generations
- Sporophyte
- Microsporangium in anthers
3.Megasporangium in ovaries
Plant cell move in Haploid generation
4.Egg and pollen split
Pollen (MICROSPORE) is the male gametophyte
Egg (MEGASPORE) is the female gametophyte - Egg and pollen are brought back together by pollinators such as bees
How does plant make energy give equation
Plants use photosynthesis to make cellulose (sugar)
Sunlight + CO2 + 6H2) -> 6O2 + CH2O6
List four steps in evolution of plants.
Transition to land: BRYOPHYTES
Transition to tissue: FERNS
Transition to seeds: GYMNOSPERM
Transition to flower: ANGIOSPERM
Bryophytes
Examples: Moss, hornworts, liverworts
-DO NOT have vascular tissues (xylem and phloem since they have not transition into that stage yet)
-depend on diffusion to obtain water
Ferns
-Seedless
-Has vascular tissues to allow them to grow tall
-Sporophyte (diploid) is dominant
-Gametophytes (haploid) depend on MOISTURE to reproduce
Gymnosperm
-Means naked seeds
-Seed can be found in conifers and evergreen
-Seeds exposed on scales of cone (pine cones)
-Male n female depend on wind to pollinate
-Male cones are SOFT and SHORT LIVED
-Female cones are HARD AND LONG LIVED
-Male cone pollen spreads by WIND LANDING on female cone
Angiosperm
Examples: Trees, flowers, weeds, grasses
-Include all flowering plants
-Reproduce with flowers
-Include 90% of all plants
-Appeared on earth 150 mya
True or false
Angiosperm are the only plants that reproduce with flowers
TRUE
