Kinetics

Question 0

Kinetics

Answer 0

Temperature
Catalyst
Concentration

Question 1

Kinetics

Answer 1

Rate at which chemical reactions occur
Factors which affect rate
Important 
Optimal rate
Successful

Question 2

Kinetics

Answer 2

Delta means a change in
Concentration only decreases with time
Only positive
Minus sign

Question 3

Rate equations

Answer 3

K is the rate constant
Constant varies if temp or catalyst added
Orders of reaction

Question 4

Zero order reaction

Answer 4

Doesn't depend on reactions
In biology
Enzyme is saturated
Max rate
Little difference 
Concentration of the reaction (substrate)

Question 5

First order reaction

Answer 5

Concentration depends on one of the reactants

Question 6

Second order reaction

Answer 6

Depends on concentration 
New rate is 4 times
Old rate double 
Doubling concentration increase fold
[a]1 shows first reaction
A 2 shows second reaction

Question 7

Cont

Answer 7

Orders of reaction found in exp
Gives info
Conc affects rate of reaction
Order gives info

Question 8

Rate limiting step

Answer 8

Slow
Controlled
Overall reaction measures rate limiting step

Question 9

Activation energy

Answer 9

Raised in energy reactants 
Transition states be covalent bonds
Broken 
Rearrangement 
Breaking formation of covalent bonds

Question 10

Rate limiting step

Answer 10

In an enzyme catalysed reaction will involve formation if transition state with highest activation energy

Question 11

Equilibrium

Answer 11

Doesn’t complete exp
Products react together to reform
Reversible
At equilibrium the forward rate k1 is equal to the backward rare

Question 12

Cont

Answer 12

Has different notations
Normal unit
Constant enzyme catalysed
Reduction of pyruvates happens in skeletal muscle

Question 13

Cont

Answer 13

Each conpound present
First equation must be balanced
Balancing equations is stoichiometric coefficients u

Question 14

Cont

Answer 14

Equations follow law of conversion

Same number of atoms of each element on both sides

Question 15

Sttoichemistry

Answer 15

All quantitive aspects of chemical composition and reaction

Question 16

Cont

Answer 16

The magnitude gives an idea if the equilibrium favours products or reactants v
The denominator will be bigger than numerator. Equilibrium is constant so less unity

Question 17

Equilibrium postion can Chang

Answer 17

Can go in either direction
Towards products or reactants when stress happens.
Changing vol or pressure of gas phase or temp can increase or decrease amount of reactant or product

Question 18

Cont

Answer 18

By adding high lactate, the enzymes which catalysed the reaction called lactate dehydrogenase.lavtate from muscle is disturbed from liver converting back to pyruvates

Question 19

Cont

Answer 19

Equilibrium postion can change but the equilibrium constant is fixed at constant temp.
Free energy change of a reaction is related. Gives info process is feasible

Question 20

Free energy change is 0 at equilibrium

Answer 20

Can be negative or positive delta
Cellular reactions are exergonic and generate a negative free energy.
Cells metabolic process reach equilibrium then cell dies
Analogous to a battery which has reached equilibrium

Question 21

Summing up

Answer 21

Rates of reaction effected by temp, catalysed and conc if reactants
Expressed in conc with time Order of indicate the depency of reaction rate on conc

Question 22

Summing up

Answer 22

Rate of reactions depends on rate limiting step
Reaction maybe reversible
Hugh value of equilibrium constant indicates the reaction lies in favour

Question 23

Summing up

Answer 23

Le chateliers principle states that is a stress is placed in an equilibrium the equilibrium will shift in direction to relieve stress

Question 24

Summing up

Answer 24

Changes in free energy o a reaction are related to the equilibrium constant for that reaction.
A reaction has 0 free energy change