Elements Atoms And Electrons Flashcards
Atoms
Made up of smaller units called sub atomic particles
3 main types protons neurons and electrons
Massive centre known as atomic nucleus
Element
Single substance Cannot be split Tiny Identical particles called atoms Elements can be divided
Atoms
Nucleus is composed of protons and neurons.
Each proton carriers a single positive charge
Neutrons have no charge
Atoms
Atomic number of an element is equal
Isotopes
Elements nucleus
Different isotopes
Atomic number of an element is specific
The same element differ from each other in their number of neutrons not in their protons
Isotopes
Stable
Radioactive
Useful to biologists
Radioisotopes are unstable and decay releasing emissions
Electrons
Electrons in an atom equals Determines chemical reactivity Have sub atomic particles Negligible mass Electrons move around nucleus Close to speed of light
Electrons
Do not freely circulate around
Energy levels or shells
Atomic number of atom defines the element
In each energy level there’s a sub level
Electrons
Energy level is referred to atomic orbitals
Particular shapes
Nucleus is lowest energy
Atomic orbitals are regions on space where electrons are found
Electrons
Electrons fill orbitals of the lowest energy first
An energy level electrons full the orbital with the lowest energy first
Individual orbitals can hold a max of 2 e
Electrons
Electrons fill orbitals in electron boxes known as electronic configuration
Summing up
Protons in an atoms nucleus is unique for each elements
Isotopes are important
Orbitals 1s 2s 2p
Isotopes in biology
Unstable
Energy in order to reach a more stable state
Radioisotopes
Decay
Radioisotopes
Can be detected In organisms Not distinguished Stable Characteristic half life Damaging biological molecules
Valence
Outer valence
Electrons energy
