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ULTRASONOGRAPHY > Kidneys > Flashcards

Kidneys Flashcards

1
Q

Location of kidneys, at the level of

A

in both sides of the spine , at the level of lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae

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2
Q

shape of the kidneys

A

bean-shaped

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3
Q

Right kidney is _________ than left kidney due to the presence of liver

A

lower

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4
Q

What are the 3 portions of the kidney?

A

Upper Pole
Mid pelvis
Lower pole

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5
Q

appearance of kidney

A

low level echo

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6
Q

What are the 2 layers of Renal Parenchyma?

A
  1. inner medulla
  2. outer cortex
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7
Q

renal parenchyma is

A

hypoechoic

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8
Q

renal sinus is also known as

A

central echo complex (CEC)

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9
Q

central echo convex

A

hilum of kidney

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10
Q

attachment to organ

A

hilum

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11
Q

renal sinus is

A

hyperechoic

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12
Q

components that makes Renal sinus bright

A

calyces
infundibulum
renal nerve
renal artery
renal vein

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13
Q

adult size
length:
width:
AP:

A

9-14 cm
3-4 cm
2-3 cm

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14
Q

Covering of the kidney

A

Gerota’s Capsule

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15
Q

patient preparation (kidney)

A

none

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16
Q

probe used in kidney

A

3.5 MHz Curved/Convex

17
Q

What are the congenital pathologies of the kidney?

A

Renal Agenesis
Duplex Kidney
Ectopic Kidney
Horseshoe Kidney

18
Q

absent (1 kidney only)

A

Renal Agenesis

19
Q

double collecting system

A

Duplex kidney

20
Q

abnormal location
most common in the pelvic cavity
one sided=cross ectopy

A

Ectopic Kidney

21
Q

Most common congenital anomaly
fusion anomaly

A

Horseshoe Kidney

22
Q

What are the acquired pathologies in the kidney?

A

Nephritis
Hydronephorosis
Renal Parenchymal Disease
Nephrocalcinosis
Cyst
Abscess
Tumor
Stones

23
Q

inflammation, pyelo, glomerulo

A

Nephritis

24
Q

inflammation of glomerulus

A

glomerulonephritis

25
Q

inflammation of pelvis

A

pyelonephritis

26
Q

enlarged size ang kidney, grabe habok sang pelvis kag calyces

A

Hydronephrosis

27
Q

dilated calyces

A

pelvocaliectasia

28
Q

dilated ureter which is more than 8 mm

A

Pelvoureterocaliectasia

29
Q

increased parenchymal echogenecity
becomes hyperechoic or high level echo

A

Renal Parenchymal Disease

30
Q

hyperechoic parenchyma by layers or high level echo
common sa medullary portion

A

Nephrocalcinosis

31
Q

Calyces filled with pus

A

Dyonephrosis

32
Q

Calculi in urinary bladder

A

cystolithiasis

33
Q

stone in the ureter

A

ureterolithiasis

34
Q

stone in the kidney or renal calculi

A

nephrolithiasis

35
Q

presence of stones in the urinary bladder, formation of stones (calculi)

A

urolithiasis

36
Q

cyst beyond the border of kidney

A

exophytic

37
Q

HYPERECHOIC tumor in kidney, a tumor that arises from blood vessel, muscles and fats

A

Angiomyolipoma

38
Q

dirty shadowing that surrounds kidney

A

perinephric abscess

ULTRASONOGRAPHY (10 decks)

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