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BIOLOGY GCSE > KEY WORDS > Flashcards

KEY WORDS Flashcards

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1
Q

Abiotic

A

non living factors that affect organsims

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2
Q

active transport

A

movement of ions and gases against the concentration gradient

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3
Q

aerobic

A

respiration with oxygen

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4
Q

allele

A

different version of gene

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5
Q

amino acids

A

building blocks of proteins

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6
Q

amylase

A

enzyme that breaks carbohydrates into sugars

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7
Q

anaerobic

A

respiration without oxygen

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8
Q

aorta

A

carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

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9
Q

asexual reproduction

A

reproduction with only one parent resulting in identical offspring

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10
Q

benign tumour

A

lump of cells that are not invading the body

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11
Q

bile

A

produced by the liver neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats

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12
Q

biodiversity

A

the range of different organisms that live in an environment

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13
Q

cell membrane

A

controls what enters and leaves a cell

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14
Q

cell wall

A

maintains cells shape

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15
Q

chlrorplast

A

where photosynthesis takes place

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16
Q

chromosome

A

long stretch of DNA

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17
Q

diffusion

A

movement of ions or gases from an area of high concentration to low concentration

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18
Q

diploid

A

two copies of each chromosome

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19
Q

dominant

A

only one copy of the gene needs to be expressed

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20
Q

ECosystem

A

the organism and the habitat they live in

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21
Q

endocrine system

A

system that controls hormones and responses

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22
Q

enzyme

A

biological catalyst

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23
Q

extremophile

A

organism that has adapted to live in extreme conditions

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24
Q

FSH

A

hormone that causes an egg to develop

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25
Q

gamete

A

sex cell

26
Q

gene

A

section of DNA

27
Q

genotype

A

what genes are present

28
Q

genome

A

all the genes in an organism

29
Q

haploid

A

one copy of each chromosome

30
Q

health

A

state of physical and mental well being

31
Q

heterozygous

A

different copies of gene

32
Q

homozygous

A

identical copies of gene

33
Q

lipase

A

enzyme that breaks fats into fatty acids and glycerol

34
Q

lipid

A

stores of energy that can be broken down to form fatty acids and glycerol

35
Q

LH

A

hormone that causes egg to be released

36
Q

malignant tumour

A

lump of cells that have the ability to travel to other parts of the body

37
Q

malaria

A

parasite transmitted by mosquitoes

38
Q

measles

A

viral infection causing fever and rash

39
Q

meiosis

A

type of cell division that ends in four haploid daughter cells

40
Q

meristem

A

plant tissue found at growing tips

41
Q

metabolism

A

chemical process that occurs to maintain life

42
Q

mitochondria

A

where respiration takes place

43
Q

mitosis

A

type of cell division that ends in two identical daughter cells

44
Q

nucleus

A

controls the cell

is where the genetic information is held

45
Q

omnivore

A

eats plants and animals

46
Q

organ system

A

a number of different organs working together towards one function

47
Q

osmsosis

A

transport of water across a partially permeable membrane

48
Q

ovulation

A

release of an egg from its ovaries

49
Q

oxygen debt

A

happens after aerobic respiration needs oxygen to repay

50
Q

palisade mesophyll

A

upper layer cell in a leaf

51
Q

pancreas

A

large gland behind the stomach which produces digestive enzymes

52
Q

phenotype

A

what characteristics are present

53
Q

phloem

A

carries ions around the plant

54
Q

platelets

A

small fragment of blood cells that helps clotting

55
Q

protease

A

enzyme that breaks proteins into amino acids

56
Q

proteins

A

long chains of amino acids that carry out the functions n the body

57
Q

protist

A

single celled organism that can cause illness

58
Q

recessive q

A

two identical copies of the gene is needed for it to be expressed

59
Q

RBC

A

carries oxygen around the blood

60
Q

ribosomes

A

where protein synthesis takes place

BIOLOGY GCSE (15 decks)

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