BIOENERGETICS

Question 1

Where does photosynthesis take place

Answer 1

takes place in the chloroplasts

Question 2

is photosynthesis exothermic or endothermic

Answer 2

endothermic- takes in energy

Question 3

what is the word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 3

carbon dioxide + water —light———– = glucose + oxygen

Question 4

what is the symbol equation for photosynthesis

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O —LIGHT—-= C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 5

what are the ways that plants use glucose

Answer 5

for respiration
making cellulose 
making amino acids 
stored as oil or fats 
stored as starch

Question 6

how do plants use glucose for respiration

Answer 6

this transfers energy from glucose which enables the plants to convert the rest of the glucose into various other useful substances

Question 7

how do plants use glucose to make celluose

Answer 7

glucose is converted into cellulose for making strong plant cell walls

Question 8

how do plants use glucose for making amino acids

Answer 8

glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are then made into proteins

Question 9

how do plants use glucose for storage as oils or fats

Answer 9

glucose is turned into lipids for storing in seeds

Question 10

how do plants use glucose for storage as starch

Answer 10

glucose is turned into starch and stored in roots, stems and leaves ready for use when photosynthesis isn’t happening like in winter

Question 11

what are the limiting factors of photosynthesis

Answer 11

light
co2 concentration
temperature
amount of chlorophyll

Question 12

how do you artificially create an ideal environment for plants to grow

Answer 12

in a greenhouse

Question 13

what do greenhouses do

Answer 13

greenhouses trap the suns heat and makes sure that the temperature doesn’t become a limiting factor

Question 14

at night how can farmers ensure plants are still photosynthesising

Answer 14

they use artificial light when the sun goes down

Question 15

how do farmers increase the level of co2 in a greenhouse

Answer 15

they can use a paraffin heater, as paraffin burs co2 is made as a by product

Question 16

what is respiration

Answer 16

respiration is the process of transferring energy from glucose which goes on in every cell

Question 17

is respiration endothermic or exothermic

Answer 17

exothermic- energy is given out

Question 18

how do organisms use energy transferred by respiration

Answer 18

to build up larger molecules from smaller ones
in animals it is used to allow the muscles to contract
in mammals are birds the energy is used to keep their body temperature steady in colder surroundings

Question 19

what is metabolism

Answer 19

the rate at which chemical reactions happen in the body

Question 20

what are the two types of respiration

Answer 20

aerobic and anaerobic

Question 21

what is aerobic respiration

Answer 21

respiration using oxygen

Question 22

where does aerobic respiration happen in our cells

Answer 22

mitochondria

Question 23

what is the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 23

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

Question 24

what is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 24

C6H12O6 + 6O2= 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 25

When is anaerobic respiration used

Answer 25

when there is not enough oxygen

Question 26

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 26

glucose-------------- energy + lactic acid

Question 27

what is the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose

Answer 27

aerobic respiration

Question 28

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

Answer 28

glucose----------- ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 29

what is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called

Answer 29

fermentation

Question 30

when exercising where do your muscles get energy from to contract

Answer 30

respiration

Question 31

what happens when you exercise

Answer 31

your breathing rate and breath volume increase to get more oxygen into the blood your heart rate increases to get this oxygenated blood around the body faster this removes co2

Question 32

what happens when you do really vigorous exercise and your body cannot supply oxygen to your muscles quickly enough

Answer 32

they start to respire anaerobically

Question 33

what does long periods of exercise cause

Answer 33

muscle fatigue

Question 34

what does anaerobic respiration lead to

Answer 34

oxygen debt and a build up of lactic acid in the muscles

Question 35

what chemical reactions happen in the body

Answer 35

glucose being turned into starch, cellulose or glycogen fatty acids and glycerol being turned into lipids amino acids being turned into proteins glucose and nitrate ions being forming amino acids proteins breaking down to form urea

Question 36

what are amino acids important for

Answer 36

important for building proteins | make up all of our enzymes and hormones these carry out reactions within our body

Question 37

what are lipids important for

Answer 37

maintaining cell structure and for storing energy

Question 38

what are the requirements for photosynthesis

Answer 38

water chlorophyll carbon dioxide sunlight

Question 39

co2 level and water level graph (affect it has on photosynthesis)

Answer 39

rate of photosynthesis increases with percentage increase in carbon dioxide levels/water level once it reaches a certain point there are other limiting factors. The other limiting factors need to be increased if you want more photosynthesis to take place

Question 40

light intensity graph

Answer 40

rate of photosynthesis increases with light intensity until we reach a certain point where light is no longer the limiting factor and other limiting factors need to be increased there is still a steady rate of photosynthesis when the graph levels off

Question 41

temperature graph

Answer 41

rate of reaction increases with temperature until it reaches an optimal temperature past this optimal temperature enzymes start to get denatured and the rate of photosynthesis falls rapidly