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Key Terms Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Define Maleficium

A

“Evil deed”

By 1580 this was understood as an act of witchcraft designed to harm

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2
Q

Define Sacrament

A

A ceremony carried out to attain spiritual grace e.g. Holy Communion

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3
Q

Define Devil’s mark

A

Mark on the body of someone who has entered a covenant with the Devil

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4
Q

Define Cunning folk

A

Generally carried out good deeds - folk healers etc

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5
Q

Define Assize circuit

A

Courts that travelled in 6 circuits around the country, hearing serious cases

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6
Q

Define Privy council

A

Private council of the monarch

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7
Q

Define Vagrant

A

Beggar or someone who would wander looking for work

By C.17th it was someone who could work but chose not to - could be punished by whipping etc

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8
Q

Define Royal Society

A

Founded in 1660 in order to promote the advancement of science & rational thought

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9
Q

Define Dissenter

A

A member of the non-established church outside of the Church of England

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10
Q

Define Melancholia

A

Depression/sorrowfulness

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11
Q

Define Idolater

A

Someone who worships false idols

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12
Q

Define Nonconformist

A

A Protestant who does not conform to the established practices of the Church of England

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13
Q

Define Calvinist

A

Follower of John Calvin - Protestant reformation

Very strict

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14
Q

Define Heretic

A

Someone who disagrees with the teaching of the church

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15
Q

Define Homocentric

A

Belief that all rotations in the universe are centred on earth

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16
Q

Define Natural philosophy

A

The study of the natural world

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17
Q

Define Empiricism

A

Belief that knowledge can only come from experience- seek out evidence to formulate theories

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18
Q

Define Polymath

A

A person of wide knowledge & learning who specialises in a no. different subjects

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19
Q

Define Convention parliament

A

Parliament assembled without the authority of the monarch

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20
Q

Define Alchemist

A

Someone who tries to transform common substances & liquids into gold or potions to cure disease

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21
Q

Define Inductive reasoning

A

Reasoning based on evidence

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22
Q

Define Deductive reasoning

A

When a conclusion is made based on something already known/assumed

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23
Q

Define Kirk

A

Scottish church

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24
Q

Define Lutheran

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A

Follower of Protestant reformer Martin Luther

Oldest Protestant denomination

25
Define Borgmaster
Principal magistrate of a Danish town
26
Define Coven
An assembly/group of witches - often believed to consist of 13 people
27
Define Boots
Screws for the legs which would gradually be tightened, crushing bones
28
Define the Kiss of shame
An initiation among witches where they are expected to kiss the Devil’s buttocks
29
Define the Divine right of King’s
The notion that King’s are appointed by god
30
Define the Royal favourite
A close advisor given significant power & influence by a monarch
31
Define Copyholder
Someone who worked on the land of a lord
32
Define Subtenant
Someone who rented land from a copyholder - very poor
33
Define Enclosure
The process of fencing off common land
34
Define the Duchy of Lancaster
Territory controlled by the Duchy of Lancaster
35
Define Recusant
A person who remains loyal to the Catholic faith
36
Define the Dependant chapelry
A district served by a chapel, rather than the large parish church
37
Define the Lancashire court sessions
A local court that met four times a year in order to try serious cases
38
Define a Pedlar
Travelling salesman
39
Define a Witches sabbat
Secret meeting of witches
40
Define the Baron of the Exchequer
One of the most senior judges in England
41
Define the Holy Roman Empire
Complex Central European territories that existed from 962 to 1806 under overall authority of an emperor
42
Define the Counter-Reformation
A reform movement within the Catholic Church to oppose the Protestant Reformation
43
Define Jesuit
Member of the Catholic religious order the society of Jesus
44
Who were the Hasbergs
German royal family Split into Austrian & Spanish lines in 1551
45
Define Reserve currency
Strong currency held in reserve by central banks or treasuries as part of foreign exchange reserves
46
Define Holfrat
High-ranking advisor to the Holy Roman Emperor | Similar to Privy Council in England
47
Define the Imperial Chamber Court
Highest judicial court in the Holy Roman Empire
48
Define the Diet of Rebgensburg
A meeting of the senior leaders of the Holy Roman Empire, held between July & November 1630
49
Define the New Model Army
Parliamentary army - disciplined and well trained
50
Define the Eastern Association
A military organisation comprising of the seven country militias of Eastern England formed during the English Civil war
51
Define Ergot
A fungal disease that partially affects rye
52
Define Seed-corn
Good quality corn set aside for planting the following year
53
Define Poor rates
A local tax levied at parish level in order to finance the support of the poor
54
Define the High church
A tradition within the Church of England that emphasised ritual, authority of bishops, sacraments & much continuity with the Catholic Church
55
Define the Star chamber
Court of law based at the Palace of Westminster
56
Define the Popish Plot
A conspiracy to replace the Protestant authorities with Catholics
57
Define Theocracy
A system of government in which God is held to be supreme ruler & clergy are involved in the day-to-day running of the state
58
Define Voodoo
A religion of West African origin practiced in the Caribbean- multiple gods, ancestor worship & magic

History- Witchcraft (30 decks)

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