Key SAQ asthma/COPD Flashcards
1
Q
4 causes of acute SOB
A
Asthma
Pneumonia
Pulmonary embolism
Pneumothorax
2
Q
Pathophysiology of asthma
A
- Chronic inflammatory airway disease
- Smooth muscle of the bronchi are hypersensitive = bronchoconstrction and increased mucus production.
- Leading to airway obstruction.
3
Q
Signs of severe acute asthma attack
A
PEFR <33%
O2 <92%
Confusion
Bradycardia
Cyanosis
Silent chest
pO2 <8
4
Q
Principles of management of acute asthma
A
Admit
High flow oxygen
Nebulised salbutamol
Steroids
Nebulised ipratropium
Contact sneior support and ITU if indicated
5
Q
Non pharmacological advice to prevent relapses
A
- Check inhaler technique and medication compliance
- Avoidance pof triggers
- Encourage exercise to increase lung capacity
6
Q
Define atopy
A
Group of disorders that often run in families, caused by an IgE related hypersensitivity reaction.
7
Q
Stepwise management of asthma in adult
A
- SABA
- SABA + low dose ICS
- SABA + ICS + LTRA
- SABA + ICS + LABA (+/- LTRA)
- SABA + Low dose MART (+/-LTRA)
- SABA + mod dose MART (+/- LTRA)
8
Q
Stepwise management of ineffective exacerbation of COPD
A
- Oxygen therapy carefully titrated to seriel ABGs
- Nebulised salbutamol
- Oral prednisolone
- Back to back nebulised salbutamol / ipratropium bromide
- Excalation to senior / IT contact
- Consideration of NIV (BiPAP).
9
Q
A