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Sociology Fam + households > Key Concepts > Flashcards

Key Concepts Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Families

A

Groups of people related by kinship ties - relations of blood, marriage, civil partnerships/ adoption

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2
Q

Households

A

1 person living alone/ group of people who live at same address
Share living arrangements (bills, meals, chores etc.)

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3
Q

Nuclear Family

A

2 generation family

2 heterosexual adults + their dependent children (own/ adopted)

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4
Q

Traditional (conventional) Nuclear Family

A

2 generation family
2 heterosexual adults (married)
Gender roles = segregated

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5
Q

Extended Family

A

2+ generations of family members

With additions beyond TNF

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6
Q

Horizontal Extended Family

A

Same generation

e.g aunties, uncles, cousins

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7
Q

Vertical Extended Family

A

Older/ younger generations

e.g grandparents

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8
Q

Classic Extended Family

A

Kin who live in same household/ close proximity

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9
Q

Modified Extended Family

A

Kin who = geographically dispersed

Maintain regular contact via technology

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10
Q

Beanpole Family

A

Multi-generational family (3+ generations)
Few people in each
Due to increased life expectancy;
Grandparents play important role in care of (great) grandchildren

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11
Q

Matrifocal Family

A

Female headed families
No adult males
e.g. African Caribbean families have a high proportion of matrifocal families (50%)

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12
Q

Patriarchal Family

A

Male headed/ dominant family

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13
Q

Same Sex Family

A

Headed by lesbian/ gay couples

With(out) children

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14
Q

Single/ Lone Parent Families

SPF

A

Headed by 1 adult

90% = headed by women

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15
Q

LAT Family

A

Living Apart Together
Families/ couples who don’t live together
Usually for work reasons

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16
Q

Empty Shell Family

A

Couple living together

Not emotionally committed to one another

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17
Q

Empty Nest Family

A 
Family where children have left home
Just parent(s)
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18
Q

Single/ Lone Person Household

A

Person living alone through choice, divorce or bereavement

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19
Q

Reconstituted Family

A

Family where 1+ of parents bring children from another relationship
(Step-family)

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20
Q

Symmetrical Family

A

Nuclear family with joint conjugal roles
Husband/ wife or co-habiting couples share domestic labour, childcare and leisure activities
Relationship = egalitarian

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21
Q

Neo-Conventional Family

A

Contemporary version of NF
Both parents work + share domestic work
Parents may be married/ co-habiting
Children = their biological/ adopted offspring

CHESTER believes this = most families are like

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22
Q

Cult of Childhood

A

S become obsessed with childhood

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23
Q

Child-centered

A

Children = focal point of family + wider S

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24
Q

Economic Asset

A

Children = perceived as financially +ve

Bringing in £, contributing to economy

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25
Q

Social Construct

A

Created by society

WAGG says this about childhood

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26
Q

Toxic Childhood

A

PALMER argues technology benefit adults
Damage children
Used to replace trad. parenting techniques

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27
Q

March of Progress

A

Wider S, family + therefore childhood = improving as time goes on

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28
Q

Age Patriarchy

A

Adults have power + control over children

GITTINS

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29
Q

Disappearance of Chidhood

A

POSTMAN’S view that childhood is no longer a distinct stage

30
Q

Cross Cultural

A

Approach compares childhood in 1 S with another

31
Q

Golden Age of Childhood

A

Childhood = time of happiness + innocence

PILCHER

32
Q

Factory Acts

A

Law that removed children from workplace

33
Q

Mini-adults

A

Described children in middle ages

ARIES’

34
Q

Functional Fit

A

Nuclear structure of family emerged to meet needs of industrial society

PARSONS

35
Q

Structural differentiation

A

Transfer of responsibilities/ function from one social institution to another

36
Q

Nayar

A

S in south-west India (19th cent)

Used to criticise Murdock

37
Q

Geographical mobility

A

Movement of people + families from 1 place to another

38
Q

Loss of functions

A

Process where family becomes responsible for fewer functions

Through structural differentiation

39
Q

SOAP

A

Adults can release tensions
Enables them to return to work the next day, ready to meet it’s demands
Functional for economic efficiency

40
Q

Home-centred

A

Idea that as the standards of living are rise, families become more privatised

W+Y

41
Q

Primary socialisation of children

A

1st stage in process of learning culture of S

Takes place within the fam

42
Q

Industrialisation

A

Economic changes from farming to factories

43
Q

Social mobility

A

Movement of groups/ individuals up or down social hierarchy

44
Q

Achieved status

A

Social position based on individual effort, ability + reward

45
Q

Conservative

A

Ideology which emphasises traditional values + dislikes social change

46
Q

Overgenerous welfare state

A

Describes the state as too interfering in the lives of individuals

47
Q

Privatisation

A

NR social policy of transferring an enterprise/ industry from the social sector (NHS) to the private sector

48
Q

Free markets

A

NR economic system in which parties are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses

49
Q

Abolition of welfare benefits

A

NR policy aimed at removing the underclass and their perceived culture of dependency

50
Q

Underclass

A

Social class said by the NR to have carted an ‘overgenerous’ welfare state

51
Q

Dependency culture

A

A shared way of life viewed negatively in which members are said to depend on state benefits rather than working for a living

52
Q

Decline of the family

A

NR ideology which maintains that family values + traditional moral beliefs are breaking down and must be reversed

53
Q

Nanny state

A

NR view of the welfare state

54
Q

Moral decay

A

NR belief that S is in decline cause by a breakdown in traditional n+v

55
Q

Capitalism

A

Economic system of production for profit

1 class = means of production, other = their labour

56
Q

Proletariat

A 
Social class of workers
Have to work for wages; don't have means of production
57
Q

Infrastructure

A

Economic base of S

58
Q

Communism

A 
Equal society without social classes/ class conflict
Means of production = common property of all
59
Q

Social class

A

Social group who share a similar economic situation e.g income and wealth

60
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Social class of owners of the means of production

61
Q

Private property

A

Land + belongings owned by a social group/ individual

Kept for their exclusive use

62
Q

Buffer zone

A

Idea families provide a space which appears to protect workers form the full-force of misery caused by C

ZARETSKY

63
Q

ISA

A

Ideologica Sete Apparatus
Part of the superstructure that brainwash people into accepting inequalities
ALTHUSSER

64
Q

Policing families

A

Describes social control of poor families by state professionals to ‘improve’ and change them
DONZELOT

65
Q

Pester powers

A

Children demand the latest faction items/ gadgets from parents
contributes to the family as a unit of consumption

66
Q

Superstructure

A

Parts of S which = based on the economic infrastructure including social institutions (fam, Ed)

67
Q

Gender scripts

A

Expects norms that set out the different gender roles men and women play in a heterosexual household

68
Q

Housewife role

A

Socially constructed role expected of women as a result of the industrial revolution

69
Q

Gender role socialisation

A

Process of learning different roles associated with gender

70
Q

Gender roles

A

Patterns of behaviour that are expected of individuals according to gender

71
Q

DDOL

A

Division of roles, responsibilities + tasks within the home

72
Q

Conjugal roles

A

Roles played by men + women in a marriage/ cohabitation relationship

Sociology Fam + households (16 decks)

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