Key 2- Inflammation and necrosis Flashcards
The alternative pathway, which can be triggered by…………………
microbial surface molecules (e.g., endotoxin, or LPS), complex polysaccharides, cobra venom, and other substances, in the absence of antibody.
Leukotriene B4 = FUNCTION?
Chemotaxis
Leukotriene C4, D4, E4 …FUNCTIONS? (AGGRAVATED IN ASPIRIN USE)
Broncho Constriction- smooth muscle
(NON-ATOPIC ASTHMA)
THROMBOXANE a2- FUNCTION?
PROMOTE PLATELET AGGREGATION
STOP THIS MEDICATION TO PREVENT CLOT!!
CONTRACTION OF SMOOTH MUSCLE IS CAUSED BY?
PG
MUSCLE WASTING, DEATH IN CANCER PATIENT (MEDIATOR)?
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
PROSTACYCLIN FUNCTION?
VASODILATATION
(ALSO NITRIC OXIDE)
Interleukin-1 FUNCTION?
- Acute phase reaction (eg: fever)
- Endothelial effect (Leukocyte adhesion, pro & anticoagulant effect)
- Fibroblast Effect (collagen synthesis – scar)
BAD!!!, IS NOT IT?
MEDIATOR ACTIVATE MACROPHAGE?
Interferon-gamma FROM CD4 CELLS
(ALSO IL-12 CAUSES INCREASED PRODUCTION OF INF)
MEDIATOR THAT INCREASED- SAA, FIBRINOGEN, CRP IS?
IL-6
TEST ESR!
NEUTROPHIL’S Specific (or secondary) granules PRODUCE?
Lysozyme, collagenase, gelatinase, lactoferrin, plasminogen activator, histaminase, and alkaline phosphatase.
NEUTROPHIL’S Azurophil (or primary) granules PRODUCE?
Myeloperoxidase (THINK P-ANCA), bactericidal factors (lysozyme=THINK ABSCESS FORMATION), defensins).
MACROPHAGE AND LIQUIFRACTIVE NCROSIS IN BRAIN- DISCUSS
– acid proteases (only active within lysosomes).
– neutral proteases such as elastase and collagenase are destructive in ECM.
Typical in Liquefactive necrosis- BRAIN
C3a, C5a: ==?
stimulate histamine release from mast cells and thereby increase vascular permeability and cause vasodilation
C5a:===?
chemotactic agent for neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils
Opsonization and phagocytosis: ?
C3b AND IG