Karius - Auditory & Vestibular System

Question 1

where is perilymph found?

Answer 1

scala vestibuli and scala tympani

Question 2

what is perilymph composition? similar to?

Answer 2

high Na, low K; ECF/CSF

Question 3

where is endolymph found?

Answer 3

scala media

Question 4

what is the composition of endolymph? similar to?

Answer 4

high K, low Na; ICF

Question 5

what do the middle ear ossicles do?

Answer 5

impedence matching

Question 6

What does vibration of the basilar membrane is determined by?

Answer 6

frequency of the sound

Question 7

where does high frequency sound vibrate basilar membrane?

Answer 7

near base

Question 8

where does low frequency sound vibrate basilar membrane?

Answer 8

near helicotrema

Question 9

what does the vibration of the membrane cause?

Answer 9

bending of hair cells–> depolarization

Question 10

what does the ventral path of the cochlear nuclei detect?

Answer 10

the nature of the sound (high or low)

Question 11

what does the dorsal path of the cochlear nuclei detect?

Answer 11

the location of the sound

Question 12

what does the medial superior olive detect?

Answer 12

differences in time of arrival to the ears

Question 13

what does the medial superior olive detect?

Answer 13

differences in intensity

Question 14

what does the inferior colliculus detect?

Answer 14

spatial map of sound (where is it coming from)

Question 15

what does the primary auditory cortex detect?

Answer 15

tonotopic map, beginning to know what the sound is

Question 16

what 3 things does the associated auditory cortical area do?

Answer 16

1. processing of complex sounds (music)
2. ID of sound (naming)
3. speech

Question 17

what movement is linear acceleration?

Answer 17

moving along a line, horizontally or vertically

Question 18

what movement is angular acceleration?

Answer 18

rotation; fall forward, backward

Question 19

what detects forward falls?

Answer 19

anterior semicircular canal

Question 20

what detects spinning?

Answer 20

horizontal semicircular canal

Question 21

what detects backward falls?

Answer 21

posterior semicircular canal

Question 22

what detects forward walking?

Answer 22

utricle

Question 23

what detects jumping up and down?

Answer 23

saccule

Question 24

what is the process of vestibular detection?

Answer 24

moving of endolymph, bending of hair cells, initiation of action potentials

Question 25

what is the goal of vestibule-optic reflex?

Answer 25

maintain focus on point on horizon in front of us until impossible to do so

Question 26

what extra ocular m. is activated in forward falls?

Answer 26

eyes go up: superior rectus

Question 27

what extra ocular m. is activated in backward falls?

Answer 27

eyes go down: superior oblique m.

Question 28

what extra ocular m. are involved in spins?

Answer 28

medial and lateral rectus m.

Question 29

what is the majority of cortical and cerebellar involvement in the vestibulooptic reflexes?

Answer 29

suppress the reflex to allow for voluntary motion