Karius - Auditory & Vestibular System Flashcards

1
Q

where is perilymph found?

A

scala vestibuli and scala tympani

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2
Q

what is perilymph composition? similar to?

A

high Na, low K; ECF/CSF

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3
Q

where is endolymph found?

A

scala media

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4
Q

what is the composition of endolymph? similar to?

A

high K, low Na; ICF

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5
Q

what do the middle ear ossicles do?

A

impedence matching

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6
Q

What does vibration of the basilar membrane is determined by?

A

frequency of the sound

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7
Q

where does high frequency sound vibrate basilar membrane?

A

near base

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8
Q

where does low frequency sound vibrate basilar membrane?

A

near helicotrema

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9
Q

what does the vibration of the membrane cause?

A

bending of hair cells–> depolarization

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10
Q

what does the ventral path of the cochlear nuclei detect?

A

the nature of the sound (high or low)

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11
Q

what does the dorsal path of the cochlear nuclei detect?

A

the location of the sound

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12
Q

what does the medial superior olive detect?

A

differences in time of arrival to the ears

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13
Q

what does the medial superior olive detect?

A

differences in intensity

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14
Q

what does the inferior colliculus detect?

A

spatial map of sound (where is it coming from)

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15
Q

what does the primary auditory cortex detect?

A

tonotopic map, beginning to know what the sound is

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16
Q

what 3 things does the associated auditory cortical area do?

A
  1. processing of complex sounds (music)
  2. ID of sound (naming)
  3. speech
17
Q

what movement is linear acceleration?

A

moving along a line, horizontally or vertically

18
Q

what movement is angular acceleration?

A

rotation; fall forward, backward

19
Q

what detects forward falls?

A

anterior semicircular canal

20
Q

what detects spinning?

A

horizontal semicircular canal

21
Q

what detects backward falls?

A

posterior semicircular canal

22
Q

what detects forward walking?

23
Q

what detects jumping up and down?

24
Q

what is the process of vestibular detection?

A

moving of endolymph, bending of hair cells, initiation of action potentials

25
what is the goal of vestibule-optic reflex?
maintain focus on point on horizon in front of us until impossible to do so
26
what extra ocular m. is activated in forward falls?
eyes go up: superior rectus
27
what extra ocular m. is activated in backward falls?
eyes go down: superior oblique m.
28
what extra ocular m. are involved in spins?
medial and lateral rectus m.
29
what is the majority of cortical and cerebellar involvement in the vestibulooptic reflexes?
suppress the reflex to allow for voluntary motion