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Neuroscience I > Histology of the Visual System - Busch > Flashcards

Histology of the Visual System - Busch Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the outer tunic

A

Sclera - opaque, absorbs light
Cornea - transparent
Limbus - connects the two

Fxn - protect inner eye, maintains shape and consistency

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2
Q

Parts of the middle tunic (uvea)

A 
Iris - outlines the pupil
Ciliary body - m to dilate and constrict iris
Ciliary process
Choroid - vascular, pigmented
Suspensory ligaments - accommodation
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3
Q

Parts of the inner tunic

A 
Outer pigmented layer
Retina
Macula lutea
Fovea - only cones
Papilla - optic disc
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4
Q

Layers of the cornea

A 
Corneal epithelium
Bowman's layer
Stroma
Descemet's membrane
Corneal endothelium
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5
Q

What type of cells anchor the corneal epithelium to Bowman’s layer?

A

Hemidesmosomes

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6
Q

What layer of the cornea transport materials from aq humor to Descemet’s membrane?

A

Corneal endothelium

–also lots of mito here

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7
Q

What type of cells found in Stroma layer of cornea? Which NS?

A

Myelinated nerves, collagen lamellae, fibroblasts

PNS!! Schwann cells

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8
Q

Where do nerves become unmyelinated in cornea?

A

Bowman’s layer

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9
Q

What in the cornea is responsible for neutralizing O2?

A

Corneal endothelium

glutathione pathway neutralizes excess O2

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10
Q

Who is gonna kick this test’s ass?!?!

A

WE ARE!!!!

Seriously. We got this.

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11
Q

What is the most common type of tissue allotransplantation?

A

Corneal transplant

Success > 90%

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12
Q

What layer in the eyeball is vascular and what tunic is it associated with?

A

Choroid
Middle tunic
Also pigmented

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13
Q

When you are squinting at Kyle’s lecture trying to read crappy screen shots of the book, what is your eye doing?

A

It is accommodating - to see better
Ciliary m contracted
Suspensory fibers relaxed
Lens is round

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14
Q

What happens to your eye in bright light?

A

Pupil constricts - ciliary m of iris contract

Parasymp

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15
Q

What happens to your eye in dim light?

A

Pupil dilates - radial m of iris contracts - pulls it open

Symp

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16
Q

What does the inner nuclear layer of the retina contain?

A

Amacrine and horizontal neurites

Bipolar cells - these go up to ganglion cell layer and synapse here and then sent to optic n

17
Q

What does the outer nuclear layer of the retina contain?

A

receptors of cones and rods

18
Q

What is the only retina layer that is not involved in sensory?

A

Pigmented epithelium

19
Q

What are Muller cells and where are they in the retina?

A

Span most of the retina layers

Phagocytes, Na/K

20
Q

Fovea centralis

A

Tightly packed cones arranged at an angle to the pigmented layer

21
Q

Optic disc

A

Axons of ganglion cells turn into optic n here

Lacks photoreceptors - blind spot

22
Q

What is retinal detachment? Causes?

A

Two layers of retina detach

Cause - trauma, vascular dz, metabolic d/o, aging

23
Q

Tell me about cones

A

Contain photopigment - iodopsin
This contains opsin called photopsin
Sensitive to color

24
Q

Tell me about rods

A

Contain photopigment - rhodopsin
This contains opsin called scotopsin
Sensitive to light

25
Q

Pathway followed by aq humor

A

Produced by epithelium in ciliary processes
Fluid twerks over canal of Schlemm
Aqueous v Canal of Schlemm to episcleral v

26
Q

Glaucoma - causes

A

Obstruction of C of S

Inflammation preventing aq from reaching trabecular meshwork

27
Q

Open angle glaucoma

A 
Common
Peripheral and then central loss
Painless
Primary cause unclear
2 - uveitis, corticosteroids
28
Q

Closed angle glaucoma

A

Lens enlarged
chronic - asymptomatic with optic n damage
Acute - ER! Painful, halos, atropine SE

29
Q

2 major proteins in eyes?

A

Filensin and crystallins

30
Q

What happens when proteins are not soluble in eye?

A

Cataracts

Esp in DM, sorbitol backs up

31
Q

Chalazion

A

Blocked secretions
Deep or superficial
NON TENDER

32
Q

Hordeolum

A

(sty)
Localized
TENDER

33
Q

Hang in there!!!

A

Almost done, you are doing great!!

Neuroscience I (20 decks)

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