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Old Decks > kaiser_to_fuhrer_1939-45_20230227145107 > Flashcards

kaiser_to_fuhrer_1939-45_20230227145107 Flashcards

1
Q

Invasion of France and Belgium

A

1940

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2
Q

Nazi-Soviet Pact

A

1939

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3
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

1941

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4
Q

Support during war

A
  • Early victories particularly France, Belgium and Poland- Hitler didn’t allow Speer to mobilise women- Impact of propaganda
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5
Q

Declining support in war

A
  • Negative reaction to militarisation of Hitler Youth 1939- Around 250,000 German losses in Stalingrad- Soviet advances fear and threat of communism
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6
Q

Stalingrad Losses

A

-Around 250,000 German losses in Stalingrad

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7
Q

Rations during the war

A
  • Extra Christmas Rations for those in strenuous jobs| - Until 1944 rations were in excess of minimum calories
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8
Q

Allied bombing

A
  • 305,000 died- 2 million homes destroyed- 10,000’s killed in Hamburg 1943 and Dresden 1945
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9
Q

Propaganda during war

A
  • Sportpalast speech 1943- Film Kolberg 1945- Adventures of Baron Munchasen 1943
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10
Q

Christian Opposition

A
  • Bishop Galen attacked Aktion T4 euthanasia| - Dietrich Boehoeffer spoke out against regime in 1943 and executed in 1945
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11
Q

Youthful Opposition

A
  • Eldelweiss Pirates 2000 member 1939 little physical opposition not able to bring down regime. Leaders executed in 1944- White Rose Group formed 1942, student movement distribute anti-Nazi messages. Hans and Sophie Schroll beheaded 1943.
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12
Q

Left Wing opposition

A
  • Red Orchestra resistance cells there were 89 - 1941 in Berlin Robert Uhrig.- Rote Kappelle gained Nazi intellegence to Allies, distributed anti-Nazi leaflets
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13
Q

Conservative Opposition

A

1944 bomb plot - Assassinate Hitler, failed 22 Nazi’s were executed, Field Marshall Rommel was prevailed upon to commit suicide.

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14
Q

Why did Opposition fail?

A
  • Stopped by effective Nazi intelligence service and unable to convince the public- Bomb Plot involved 22 of 2000 Generals- Terror State, concentration camps- Acted too late only started when war turned
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15
Q

Todt Military Preparations

A
  • 1939 and 1941 military expenditure doubled| - 1941 55% of workforce involved in military production
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16
Q

Todt Military Failure

A
  • 1941 Britain produced twice as many aircraft- USSR produced 2600 more tanks- Only 52% of women were working in factories
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17
Q

Military Inefficiencies

A

-Office of 4 year plan, SS HIMMLER, Ministry of Economics FUNK, Ministry of Armaments TODT and Gaulitiers intervened with production.

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18
Q

Actions of Speer

A
  • Central Planning board economic organisation- Excluded military from planning- Concentration camp labour- Standardisation of armaments
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19
Q

Speer Successes

A
  • Ammunition rose by 97%- Tank production rose by 25%- Total arms rose by 59%- Productivity per worker increased by 60% in munitions- 1942 - 1944 war production trebled
20
Q

Ideology and war economy

A
  • Ideological women not mobilised, reliance on badly treated foreign workers productivity 60-80%- Only 52% of women were working in factories- Hitler and WW1 link with what he thought lost them war
21
Q

SS and war economy

A
  • SS preoccupied with racial policy bad treatment and plunder didn’t help with efficiency- 6.4 million foreign workers badly treated productivity levels 60-80% of German labour- Racial inferiority
22
Q

Foreign dependance and war economy

A
  • 3 millions tons of oil from Romania biggest supplier- Total ores 13.4 million - 20.2 million tons from 1940-43- Stalins ‘Scorched Earth’ policy ruined idea war funding war
23
Q

Allied Involvement

A

-1944 the Allies were dropping 650,000 bombs on factories and industrial citing in Germany on production lines they were dependant on

24
Q

War and the Jewish Problem

A
  • Poland 1939 around 3 millions Jews Ghettoised- Warsaw ghetto created 1940- Einzatsgruppen 1939- 1942 Wannsee Conference creation of final solution- Racial war to cleanse new 3rd Reich- Babi Yar massacre 33,700, General Erberhard in 2 days
25
Q

Cumulative Radicalisation Holocaust

A 
1939 - Jewish Curfew1941 - Forced to wear yellow star1941 - Jews deported from Germany1942 - Wannsee Conference creation of final solution1942 - German Jews sent to Auschwitz 1945 - 6 Million Jews killed1945 - 2 of every 3 European Jew killed
26
Q

Hitler and the Holocaust

A

1941 - Initiated deportation of German Jews1941 - Hitler said Jews should be ‘executed as partizans’1939 - Reichstag speech if war Vernichtung (extermination) of European Jews

27
Q

Army Bill

A

1913 - increase army to 870,000

28
Q

Navy Bill

A

1900 - Increase fleet to 38 over next 20 years

29
Q

Zabern Affair

A

1913 - Bethmann-Hollwegg vote of no confidence rejected 293:54

30
Q

Accident Insurance

31
Q

Sickness Insurance

32
Q

Imperial Insurance Code

33
Q

Banning Child Labour

34
Q

Voting age

A

All men above 25 no property qualification

35
Q

Rohl

A

Believed it was the personal rule of the Kaiser until WW1 true.

36
Q

Karl Leibnacht

A

A figleaf for absolutism

37
Q

Weltpolitik

A

Creation of an empire outside europe

38
Q

Flottenpolitik

A

Creation of a fleet to control colonies

39
Q

Prussia quote

A

Nothing but a vehicle for Prussian dominance

40
Q

Prussia

A

17 votes need 14 to veto| Kaiser always King of Prussia, favouritism

41
Q

SPD

A

1912 - 110 seats in Reichstag-SPD - Lost 38 to 43 overall HOTTENTOT UndemocraticCentre Party - Gained 5 to 105 overall

42
Q

Wehler

A

Elites had power to manipulate Kaiser

43
Q

Elites

A

Navy/Army laws, militaristic + business1902 tariff laws agrarian league1904 Herero, colonialism

44
Q

Unfair Prussian system

A

1903 - SPD 23% of vote 7 seats| 1903 - DKP 16% of vote 212 seats

45
Q

Economic

A

16% funded through tax, total cost of 8.4 million printed money, mark lost 75% of its value.

46
Q

Social

A

Spanish flue 1918Food shortages 300,000 people died of starvationTurnip winter 1917Living standards reduced by 20-30%

47
Q

Political

A

USPD 46 seats split from SPDBreaking Brugfriede Peace resolution 1917 passed Erzberger 212:126

Old Decks (11 decks)

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