Joints Of Lower Extremity Flashcards
Talocrural joint
Articulation of tibia and fibula with the talus
Synovial hinge type
More stable in dorsiflexion than plantar flexion, due to a wider talus bone anteriorly than posteriorly
Where does the tibia articulate with the talus?
Two places
Inferior surface forms, the roof of the malleolar mortise transferring the bodies weight to the talus
Medial malleolus articulates with the medial surface of the talus
Intrinsic ligaments of the ankle
Lateral collateral ligaments three ligaments that attaches to the lateral malleolus to the talus and calcaneus
Anterior talofibular ligament
Posterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament
Runs from the lateral malleolus to the neck of the talus
Posterior talofibular ligament
Runs from the lateral malleolus to the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus
Calcaneofibular ligament
Runs from the lateral malleolus to the lateral surface of the calcaneus
Medial collateral ligaments
Deltoid ligaments
Consists of four parts that attach the medial malleolus to the talus calcaneus and navicular
Tibionavicular ligament
Anterior tibiotalar ligament
posterior tibiotalar ligament
tibiocalcaneal ligament
Blood supply for the ankle
Malleolar branches of the fibular and anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Information for the ankle
Nerves are derived from the saphenous, tibial, sural, and superficial and deep fibular nerves
Important intertarsal joints
Subtalar or talocalcaneal joint
Transverse tarsal joint or Calcaneocuboid and Talonavicular joints
Intertarsal joints, allow what movement
Inversion, and eversion of the foot
Subtalar joint
Articulation of the talus and calcaneus
Synovial
Permits inversion and eversion of the foot
Transverse tarsal or midtarsal joint
Two separate joints
Talocalcaneonavicular and calcaneocuboid
Talocalcaneanonavicular
Synovial ball and socket
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament or spring ligament
Calcaneanonavicular ligament
Spring ligament
Band that extends from the sustentaculum tali to the posterior surface of the navicular bone
Plays an important role in maintaining a longitudinal arch of the foot
Calcaneocuboid joint
Synovial
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament or plantar calcaneocuboid ligament
Long plantar ligament
Plantar surface of the calcaneus to the keyboard and second third and fourth metatarsal head
Forms a tunnel for passing tendons, and help support the longitudinal arch of the foot
Short plantar ligament or plantar calcaneocuboid a ligament
Plantar surface of the calcaneus to the cuboid
Assist with longitudinal arch and joint support
What supports the transverse tarsal joint dorsally?
Bifurcated ligament
dorsal Talonavicular ligament
Bifurcated ligament
Calcaneocuboid
Calcaneonavicular
What actions occur in the forefoot at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints?
Flexion and extension
All bones of the foot proximal to the metatarsophalangeal joints are united by what?
Dorsal and plantar ligaments
The bones of the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints are united by what?
Lateral and medial collateral ligaments
Blood supply for the tarsals and metatarsals
Medial and lateral plantar arteries from posterior tibial artery
Dorsalis pedis and Arcuate arteries from anterior tibial artery
Innervation of the metatarsals and tarsals
Medial and lateral plantar nerves from tibial nerve
Medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerves from superficial peroneal nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
Navicular drop test
You have a patient sitting with her foot resting on the ground not with full weight, and you measure with a ruler from the navicular tuberosity to the floor
Then you have her stand with her full weight through her foot, and then re-measure the distance from the navicular tuberosity to the floor
If there’s a significant change, that indicates that there’s insufficiency or weakness, or laxity in the arches of the foot or a fallen arch
