heart Flashcards
pericardium
Double layered fibroserous sac that encloses the heart and roots of the great vessels
Fibrous pericardium
dense fibrous outer layer of the connective tissue
Fuse centrally to the diaphragm and attached to the sternum buy sterno pericardial ligaments
Functions to compress the heart within the thoracic cavity and limits distention
Pierced inferiorly by the vena cava and posteriorly by the pulmonary veins, superiorly it blends with a connective tissue of the great vessels
Serous pericardium
parietal layer- line the fibrous pericardium
Visceral layer- epicardium covering of the heart
Between the two layers, there’s a pericardial cavity, which contains a smaller of fluid for the lubrication of the moving surfaces
transverse, pericardial sinus
Located anterior to the superior vena cava, and posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
oblique, pericardial sinus
Found it on the right by the inferior vena cava and pulmonary veins in on the left by the pulmonary veins
base of the heart
Most posterior part of the heart
it is formed by the left atrium and a small portion of the right
Apex of the heart
projects inferolaterally from the base of the heart
It is located in the fifth intercostal space just medial to the mid clavicular line in the supine individual
diaphragmatic surface of the heart
Inferior surface of the heart
Formed by both ventricles, but primarily the left
Sternocostal surface of the heart
Anterior surface of the heart
Formed largely by the right ventricle
Pulmonary surface of the heart
left side of the heart
Formed largely by the left ventricle
Right border of the heart
Formed by the right atrium, and is in line with the superior and inferior vena cava
inferior border of the heart
Formed by the right ventricle, and a small part of the left ventricle
Left border of the heart
Formed by the left ventricle and slightly by the left atrium
superior border of the heart
Both atria
Right atrium
receives blood from the inferior and superior vena cava, and the coronary sinus
Coronary sinus is the main drainage of the heart
Characterized by the pectinate muscles and fossa ovalis
Right ventricle
receives blood from the right atrium and pumps into the pulmonary arteries
Characterized by the trabeculae carnae and papillary muscles
Walls of the right ventricle form, a smooth surface, the infundibulum, in the upper medial part as it leads the pulmonary trunk
pulmonary trunk is equipped with pulmonary valves, prevent a reflexive blood
papillary muscles are connected to
to the tricuspid valve by the chordae tendonae
left atrium
Receives blood via for pulmonary veins from the lungs
Blood is pass to the left ventricle through the mitral office. This office is guarded by the mitral or bicuspid valve.
left ventricle
Walls are three times as thick than the right ventricle
blood is propelled from the ventricle into the aorta through the aortic valves
Right coronary artery passage
arises from the aorta and passes inferiorly to the coronary sulcus
gives off the right marginal artery at the inferior border of the heart
At the inferior border, it turns left and posterior and gives rise to the posterior interventricular artery
posterior interventricular artery runs
Inferiorly to the Apex of the heart and the posterior interventricular sulcus
left coronary artery
Arises from the aorta, and divides into the anterior interventricular artery, and a circumflex artery
anterior interventricular artery descends to the apex of the heart where it anastomoses with posterior interventricular artery
Circumflex artery passes around left border of the heart, and the coronary sulcus and anastomoses with the termination of the right coronary artery
Arising from the circumflex artery is a left marginal artery
Great, cardiac vein
ascends in the anterior interventricular sulcus
Main tributary of the coronary sinus
middle cardiac vein
Ascends in the posterior interventricular sulcus
accompanies a posterior interventricular branch, which usually runs from the right coronary artery
Small cardiac vein
runs in the coronary sulcus on the right side
Accompanies the right marginal branch of the right coronary artery
what drains most of the area supplied by the right coronary artery?
Middle and small cardiac veins
