Joints And Movements & Planes And Axes

Question 1

What joint has the greatest ROM?

Answer 1

The shoulder (Glenohumeral joint)

Question 2

What are the articulating bones of the shoulder joint?

Answer 2

Glenoid/Scapula and humerus

Question 3

What is the labrum?

Answer 3

A rim of soft tissue or fibrous cartilage that surrounds the socket of a ball and socket joint to make it more stable

Question 4

What are the group of muscles around the shoulder joint called?

Answer 4

The rotator cuff group

Question 5

What 4 muscles are apart of the rotator cuff group?

Answer 5

Subscapularis
On the back:
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

Question 6

What are the agonist muscles at the shoulder for:
Flexion:
Extension:
Abduction:
Adduction:
Medial rotation:
Lateral rotation:

Answer 6

Anterior deltoid
Posterior deltoid
Medial deltoid
Latissimus dorsi
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus (teres minor)

Question 7

What are the antagonist muscles at the shoulder for:
Flexion:
Extension:
Abduction:
Adduction:
Medial rotation:
Lateral rotation:

Answer 7

Posterior deltoid
Anterior deltoid
Latissimus dorsi
Medial deltoid
Infraspinatus (teres minor)
Subscapularis

Question 8

What bones situate at the elbow?

Answer 8

Humerus
Ulna
Radius

Question 9

What are the agonist and antagonist of the elbow through both movements?

Answer 9

Flexion:
Agonist = bicep brachii
Antagonist = tricep brachii

Extension:
Agonist = tricep brachii
Antagonist = tricep brachii

Question 10

Which bones does the bicep brachii attach to?

Answer 10

Humerus
Radius

Question 11

Which bones does the tricep brachii attach to?

Answer 11

Humerus
Ulna

Question 12

Can a muscle be the PM during the opposite movement?

Answer 12

Yes, a press up isotonic eccentric contraction in the tricep brachii allows for slow lowering like a brake

Question 13

Which bones form the wrist?

Answer 13

Radius
Ulna
Carpals

Question 14

What joint is the wrist?

Answer 14

Condyloid joint

Question 15

Which bone is closer to the thumb?

Answer 15

Radius

Question 16

What’s the agonist and antagonist throughout movement in the wrist?

Answer 16

Flexion:
Agonist = wrist flexor
Antagonist = wrist extensors

Extension:
Agonist = wrist extensors
Antagonist = wrist flexors

Question 17

What are the articulating bones at the hip?

Answer 17

Femur
Ilium/Acetabulum

Question 18

What are the two parts of the femur?

Answer 18

Femoral neck
Femoral head

Question 19

What muscles are the agonist at the hip for:
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction

Answer 19

Iliopsoas
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius + minimus
Adductor longus

Question 20

What muscles are the antagonist at the hip for:
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction

Answer 20

Gluteus maximus
Iliopsoas
Adductor longus
Gluteus medius + minimus

Question 21

What bones articulate at the knee?

Answer 21

Femur
Tibia

Question 22

What are the 4 muscles in the quadriceps group?

Answer 22

Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Rectus femoris

Question 23

What are the 3 muscles in the hamstrings group?

Answer 23

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris

Question 24

What bones articulate at the ankle?

Answer 24

Tibia
Fibula
Talus

Question 25

What’s the heel bone?

Answer 25

Calcaneous

Question 26

What are the 3 muscles on the lower leg?

Answer 26

Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Tibialis anterior

Question 27

What movements occur along the Sagittal plane? With examples.

Answer 27

Flexion
Extension
Plantar flexion
Dorsi flexion

Running, somersaults, kicking

Question 28

What movements occur across the frontal plane?

Answer 28

Adduction
Abduction

Cartwheel, a dive (goalkeeper)

Question 29

What movements occur across the transverse plane?

Answer 29

Horizontal flexion (throwing a hook in boxing)
Horizontal extension (bringing that hook back)

Discuss throwing