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PE PAPER 1 > Energy Systems and The Recovery Process > Flashcards

Energy Systems and The Recovery Process Flashcards

1
Q

What do the letters in ATP/PC system mean?

A

Adenosine tri-phosphate
phospho-creatine

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2
Q

What’s the equation for ATP?

A

Adenosine tri-phosphate ——-> (ATPASE) ADP + P + Energy

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3
Q

When ATP levels fall this activates?

A

Creatine kinase (enzyme)

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4
Q

What’s the equation for PC?

A

PC ——-> (creatine kinase) creatine + P + Energy

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5
Q

What sort of reaction releases energy?

A

Exothermic reactions

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6
Q

The energy made from the phosphocreatine reaction cannot be used so what is done with it?

A

It’s donated to the ADP and P of the ATP reaction

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7
Q

What’s the coupled reaction equation to resynthesise ATP?

A

ADP (from ATP) + P (from ATP) + Energy (from PC) ——-> ATP

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8
Q

What type of reaction is the final ATP/PC reaction?

A

A coupled reaction, as the ATP was exothermic, and it takes in the energy off of the PC system so it’s endothermic. As there are both reactions it becomes a coupled reaction (the product of one reaction is subsequently used in another)

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9
Q

For the ATP/PC System what’s the:
Fuel source
Site of reaction
Enzyme
Yield
By - product

A

Phosphocreatine
Sarcoplasm
Creatine kinase
1:1 (PC:ATP)
Nothing

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10
Q

What are some advantages of the ATP/PC System?

A

High intensity energy - explosive movements
No harmful by - products
No delay in O2 delivery

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11
Q

What are some disadvantages of the ATP/PC System?

A

10 seconds -> Short in duration
Inefficient -> low energy yield 1:1

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12
Q

What are some examples of someone who’d benefit from the Lactic acid system?

A

400m hurdler
Open play rugby
A full court press in basketball

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13
Q

What’s the aim of the lactic acid system?

A

To resynthesise ATP -> anaerobically

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14
Q

What is and where is the fuel source for the lactic acid system?

A

Glycogen in the muscle and much more of it in the liver

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15
Q

How does the lactic acid equation go?

A

Glycogen goes through glycolysis which breaks it into Glucose -6-phosphate via the enzyme (GPP) this is then broken down via (PFK) into pyruvic acid as there is insufficient oxygen (LDH) turns pyruvic acid into lactic acid

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16
Q

What’s the net gain of ATP in the lactic acid system?

A

It costs 2 ATP to do and 4 is achieved therefore there is a 1:2 yield

17
Q

What are the advantages of the lactic acid system?

A

High intensity energy
Because glycogen is already there —> no delay in O2 delivery

18
Q

What are the disadvantages of the lactic acid system?

A

Short duration maximum 3 minutes (lower intensity) usually about 1 minute
By - product lactic acid
1:2 low energy yield

19
Q

For the lactic acid system what’s the:
Fuel source
Site of reaction
Enzyme
Yield
By- product

A

Glycogen
Sarcoplasm
PFK
1:2
Lactic acid

20
Q

What are some examples of people who’d benefit from the aerobic system?

A

Marathon
Triathlon
Recovery

21
Q

How does the equation go from the Aerobic system up to the Kreb’s Cycle?

A

Glycogen ——-> (GPP) Glucose - 6 - Phosphate ——-> (PFK) Pyruvic acid ——-> (as there is sufficient O2) (Acetyl - Co- enzyme A) ——-> Citric acid ——-> Kreb’s Cycle

22
Q

What does the Kreb’s cycle produce

A

2 ATP
CO2
Hydrogen ions

23
Q

What happens to the hydrogen ions?

A

They’re taken through the Electron transport chain, and 34 ATP is gained and the byproduct of H2O is formed (sweated out)

24
Q

For the aerobic system what is the
Fuel source
Site of reaction
Enzyme
Yield
By - product

A

Glycogen
Mitochondria
PFK
1:38
No harmful by - products

25
Q

What are the advantages of the aerobic system?

A

Long duration
High energy yield 1:38
No fatiguing by - products

26
Q

What are the disadvantages of the aerobic system?

A

Moderate intensity
Delay for O2 delivery

27
Q

Summarise the energy systems (intensity, duration).

A

PC system - very high intensity, short duration
Lactic acid system - high intensity, short duration
Aerobic system - moderate intensity, long duration

28
Q

Epoc

A

Excess post exercise oxygen consumption

29
Q

What are the two components of EPOC

A

Fast component
Slow component

30
Q

Why is EPOC necessary

A

To repay the O2 deficit: quantity of oxygen that would’ve been used if it were available

EPOC- a quantity of O2 consumed post exercise over and above resting levels

31
Q

What’s the fast component and slow component of EPOC also called

A

Alactacid component
Lactacid component

32
Q

What happens at the fast component of EPOC?

A

Re saturation of myoglobin with O2

Resynthesis of PC

Resynthesis of stored ATP

33
Q

How long does the fast component of EPOC take to get PC back?

A

30 seconds - 50%
2-3 minutes - 100%

34
Q

What happens during the Slow component of EPOC?

A

Removal of lactic acid via urea (sweat or urine), H2O/ CO2, Glucose -> Glycogen

35
Q

How long does the slow component take to allow for its benefits?

A

5 minutes - 1 hour
dependant on intensity

PE PAPER 1 (17 decks)

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