Energy Systems and The Recovery Process Flashcards
What do the letters in ATP/PC system mean?
Adenosine tri-phosphate
phospho-creatine
What’s the equation for ATP?
Adenosine tri-phosphate ——-> (ATPASE) ADP + P + Energy
When ATP levels fall this activates?
Creatine kinase (enzyme)
What’s the equation for PC?
PC ——-> (creatine kinase) creatine + P + Energy
What sort of reaction releases energy?
Exothermic reactions
The energy made from the phosphocreatine reaction cannot be used so what is done with it?
It’s donated to the ADP and P of the ATP reaction
What’s the coupled reaction equation to resynthesise ATP?
ADP (from ATP) + P (from ATP) + Energy (from PC) ——-> ATP
What type of reaction is the final ATP/PC reaction?
A coupled reaction, as the ATP was exothermic, and it takes in the energy off of the PC system so it’s endothermic. As there are both reactions it becomes a coupled reaction (the product of one reaction is subsequently used in another)
For the ATP/PC System what’s the:
Fuel source
Site of reaction
Enzyme
Yield
By - product
Phosphocreatine
Sarcoplasm
Creatine kinase
1:1 (PC:ATP)
Nothing
What are some advantages of the ATP/PC System?
High intensity energy - explosive movements
No harmful by - products
No delay in O2 delivery
What are some disadvantages of the ATP/PC System?
10 seconds -> Short in duration
Inefficient -> low energy yield 1:1
What are some examples of someone who’d benefit from the Lactic acid system?
400m hurdler
Open play rugby
A full court press in basketball
What’s the aim of the lactic acid system?
To resynthesise ATP -> anaerobically
What is and where is the fuel source for the lactic acid system?
Glycogen in the muscle and much more of it in the liver
How does the lactic acid equation go?
Glycogen goes through glycolysis which breaks it into Glucose -6-phosphate via the enzyme (GPP) this is then broken down via (PFK) into pyruvic acid as there is insufficient oxygen (LDH) turns pyruvic acid into lactic acid
What’s the net gain of ATP in the lactic acid system?
It costs 2 ATP to do and 4 is achieved therefore there is a 1:2 yield
What are the advantages of the lactic acid system?
High intensity energy
Because glycogen is already there —> no delay in O2 delivery
What are the disadvantages of the lactic acid system?
Short duration maximum 3 minutes (lower intensity) usually about 1 minute
By - product lactic acid
1:2 low energy yield
For the lactic acid system what’s the:
Fuel source
Site of reaction
Enzyme
Yield
By- product
Glycogen
Sarcoplasm
PFK
1:2
Lactic acid
What are some examples of people who’d benefit from the aerobic system?
Marathon
Triathlon
Recovery
How does the equation go from the Aerobic system up to the Kreb’s Cycle?
Glycogen ——-> (GPP) Glucose - 6 - Phosphate ——-> (PFK) Pyruvic acid ——-> (as there is sufficient O2) (Acetyl - Co- enzyme A) ——-> Citric acid ——-> Kreb’s Cycle
What does the Kreb’s cycle produce
2 ATP
CO2
Hydrogen ions
What happens to the hydrogen ions?
They’re taken through the Electron transport chain, and 34 ATP is gained and the byproduct of H2O is formed (sweated out)
For the aerobic system what is the
Fuel source
Site of reaction
Enzyme
Yield
By - product
Glycogen
Mitochondria
PFK
1:38
No harmful by - products
