Diet Nutrition

Question 1

What is the point of our macronutrients?

Answer 1

Allows for health

Energy

Allows for fitness

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Complex - starchy foods: bread, potatoes, rice, pasta

Simple - sugar

Question 3

Carbohydrates are stored as and where?

Answer 3

Stored as glycogen in liver and muscles

Question 4

How long is the glycogen store usually?

Answer 4

About a 2 hour store

Question 5

Carbohydrates are made up of?

Answer 5

Carbon + hydrogen + oxygen

Question 6

Monosaccharides

Answer 6

Single sugar carbohydrate

Glucose, fructose

Rapid acting

Question 7

Disaccharides

Answer 7

Two sugar molecules

Sucrose, lactose, maltose

Question 8

Polysaccharides

Answer 8

Multiple chains of sugar

Starchy chains

Slow release energy: Pasta, bread, potatoes, rice

Question 9

glycemic index

Answer 9

Releasing sugar very quickly to very slowly

Monosaccharides

Polysaccharides

Question 10

Fats are made up of?

Answer 10

Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen

Question 11

Types of fat?

Answer 11

Saturated fats

Monounsaturated fats

Polyunsaturated fats

Question 12

Saturated fat

Answer 12

Animals - red meat, clog arteries, colonery heart disease, raise blood pressure

Question 13

Monounsaturated fats

Question 14

Polyunsaturated fats

Answer 14

Fish oils, nuts, pulses

Question 15

Fats do what?

Answer 15

Carry vitamins
A, D, E, K

Question 16

FFA

Answer 16

Free Fatty Acids

Question 17

FFA + Glycerol = Triglycerides

Answer 17

Triglycerides-> fat under the skin

Potential energy store (unused, burn it off)

Question 18

Protein is made up of?

Answer 18

Carbon + hydrogen + oxygen

Question 19

Proteins do what?

Answer 19

Growth and repair

Question 20

Non essential proteins

Answer 20

We produce in the body itself

Question 21

Essential proteins

Answer 21

Cannot produce them in the body

Red meat, blue fish, dairy, nuts, pulses

Question 22

Amino acids

Question 23

Where does Fibre come from?

Answer 23

Cereal, Fruit and vegetables

Plants

Question 24

Fibre is a…

Answer 24

Bulking agent

Question 25

Fibre helps with

Answer 25

Constipation, bowel movements

Question 26

Minerals we need to consume?

Answer 26

Calcium
Magnesium, sodium, potassium
Phosphorus
Iron
Iodine

Question 27

Calcium helps with

Answer 27

Bones and teeth
Via collagen

Question 28

Magnesium is an

Answer 28

Electrolyte, along with sodium and potassium, helps to allow for nerve transmission

Question 29

Phosphorus helps with

Answer 29

Bones and teeth

Question 30

Iron helps with

Answer 30

The formation of haemoglobin

Question 31

Iodine helps with

Answer 31

It makes Thyroid enzymes

Question 32

Vitamins we need to consume? (9)

Answer 32

A - skin and mucuos membranes

D - sun, absorption of minerals

K - blood clotting

Folic acid - cell division

Vitamin C - fruits -> Collagen

Thiamine - heart function

Riboflavin - energy release from protein

Niacin - healthy skin

B12 - cell division

Question 33

What do vitamins A,D and K have in common?

Answer 33

They’re Fat soluble

Question 34

Water is good because it…

Answer 34

Keeps you hydrated

Speeds up reactions -> nerve transmissions more effective and alert

Regulates temperature

Question 35

Key factors of a Balanced diet?

Answer 35

Variety

Athletes -> more proteins, carbs, vitamins and minerals