joints

Question 1

how are joints characterised?

Answer 1

joints are characterised by the range of movement provided.

Question 2

what are sutures?

Answer 2

sutures are non-moving joints that connect the bones of the skull. these joints have serrated edges that lock together with fibres of connective tissue.

Question 3

what do the interlocking edges do?

Answer 3

The interlocking edges make sutures strong and fracture-resistant.

Question 4

are all skull joints sutures?

Answer 4

no. All skull joints are sutures, except for the joint connecting the mandible to the temporal bone, which is a movable synovial joint.

Question 5

state

Answer 5

Skull sutures are fibrous joints that occur only in the skull. They are a type of synthesis, or immovable joint.

Question 6

what are gomphoses?

Answer 6

the fibrous articulations between the teeth and the mandible of maxilla are immovable joints called gomphoses.

Question 7

what is a synchondrosis?

Answer 7

A synchondrosis is an immovable cartilaginous joint. One example is the joint between the first pair of ribs and the sternum.

Question 8

what is a syndesmoses joint?

Answer 8

A syndesmosis is a joint where a ligament connects two bones, allowing for a little movement. The distal joint between the tibia and fibula is one example.

Question 9

what is a symphysis joint?

Answer 9

A symphysis consists of a fibrocartilaginous pad which connects two bones, allowing for some movement.

Question 10

what is a synovial joint?

Answer 10

Synovial joints are movable joints that occur throughout the body. The six types of synovial joints allow for different ranges of motion.

Question 11

how are synovial joints characterised?

Answer 11

Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of an articular capsule between the two joined bones, often supported by surrounding ligaments. Bone surfaces at a synovial joint are protected by a coating of articular cartilage.

Question 12

what is a gliding joint?

Answer 12

As the body moves, the vertebrae of the spine move against each other as gliding joints.

Question 13

what are examples of gliding joints?

Answer 13

Major gliding joints in the skeleton include the intervertebral joints and the bones of the wrists and ankles.

Question 14

what is a hinge joint?

Answer 14

Hinge joints, like the elbow, move in just one axis. These joints allow for flexion and extension.

Question 15

what are examples of hinge joints in the skeleton?

Answer 15

Major hinge joints in the skeleton include the elbow and finger joints.

Question 16

what are pivot joints?

Answer 16

At the top of the spine, the atlas and axis form a pivot joint that allows for rotation of the head.

Question 17

what is an examples of a pivot joint?

Answer 17

The joint between the axis and atlas is an example of a pivot joint.

Question 18

what are condyloid joints?

Answer 18

The wrist joint is a condyloid joint that allows for circumduction, flexion and extension

Question 19

what are examples of condyloid joints?

Answer 19

The joints between the radium and carpal bones is an example of condyloid joint

Question 20

what are saddle joints?

Answer 20

In the hand, the thumbs saddle joint lets the thumb cross over the palm, making it opposable

Question 21

what is an example of a saddle joint?

Answer 21

The joint between the first metacarpal and the trapezium is a saddle joint.

Question 22

what is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 22

The ball-and-socket joint, found in the shoulder, is a freely moving joint that can rotate on any axis.

Question 23

what is an example of a ball and socket joint?

Answer 23

The hip and shoulder joints are examples of ball-and-socket joints.

Question 24

what do ligaments do?

Answer 24

Ligaments reinforce synovial joints and limit movement to prevent injury. The knee, a major synovial joint, is stabilized by several ligaments.

Question 25

state

Answer 25

Articular cartilage at joints degenerates with age and wear. This degeneration is most common in the knee, elbow, shoulder, and hip joints. The loss of joint cartilage, called osteoarthritis, causes pain and inflammation due to articulating bones rubbing directly against one another without cushioning.