joint pathology

Question 1

what is osteoarthirtis

Answer 1

degenerative joint disease = edstruction of articular joint bc degeneration of articular cartilate

Question 2

osteoarthritis aetiology

Answer 2

primayr = age, gender, hormones, wear, genetics
seconadary = underlying disease = diabetes, obesity, or trauma

Question 3

describe the patho of osteoarthiritis

Answer 3

changes to articular cartilage and subchondral bone = chondrocytes reparative -> degenerative
biomechinal, infla, inflam cytokines, stim chondrocytes tosecrete degradative ebzymes, suppression of tissue protective growth factors
subchondral bones rub together = pain, sweling, loss of motion

Question 4

micro features of osteoarthiritis

Answer 4

irregular joint spac,e fragmented cartilage, loss of cartilage, sclerotic bone, cystic hange, ostephyts, bone cysts,

Question 5

describe rheumatoid arthitis patho

Answer 5

t cells -> B cells -> plasma cells enter circulation of synovial spae
cytokines and macs
synovial cells proliferate
pannus formation = fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, inflam cells
extensive angiogensis in synovium
hyperplastic synovial lining
destruction of one

Question 6

RA clinical manifestation

Answer 6

commom koints = MCP PIP
wrist knees elbows
sowllen, red painful, stiff
dec motion

Question 7

key differences OA and RA

Answer 7

OA = bone cysts, ostephyte, joint space narrows
RA = bonea nd cartilage destruction w/inflamed synovial mem
OA = age, lifestyle genetic
RA = autoimmune
OA = hips, knewes spine assymetric
RA - wrists, knees koints bilateral
OA = painm loss flex, tenderness stiff
RA= swollen, red, [ain stiff , dec motion