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Hubs > Joint Classification > Flashcards

Joint Classification Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of joints

A

Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints

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2
Q

What is the tissue, structure, and function of fibrous joints

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue
Ligament
Limited movement
Stability

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3
Q

What is the tissue, structure, and function of cartilaginous joints

A

Fibrocartilage
Various structures with special functions
Limited movement

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4
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of synovial joints

A

Fma
Free moving
Most limb joints
Amount and direction of movement determined by joint structure

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of synovial joints

A

CBF
Complex association of tissues and structures
Bone ends determine range of movement
Facilitation and control of free movement

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6
Q

What is the structure of the synovial joint

A

SLAB JJ
Synovial membrane
Ligaments
Articular cartilage
Bone ends
Joint cavity
Joint capsule

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7
Q

What is the difference between the joint capsule and joint cavity

A

Joint capsule encapsulates/wraps around the joint creating an enclosed environment
Joint cavity is small space (can get bigger when needed for movement) contains synovial fluid. Internally lined by synovial membrane

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8
Q

What covers the bone ends where they articulate

A

Hyaline (articular) cartilage

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9
Q

What is function of articular cartilage in joint, and its location

A

Covers the subchondral bone
Allows smooth, frictionless movement

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10
Q

What are the outer and inner layers of the joint capsule

A

Outer - dense fibrous connective tissue
Inner - synovial membrane

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11
Q

What is the function of the synovial membrane

A

Secretion of synovial fluid

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12
Q

What is the function of synovial fluid

A

Lubricates joint
Provides nutrients to a-vascular structures

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13
Q

How does cartilage get nutrients

A

Through joint loading with synovial fluid - like squeezing a sponge in water

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14
Q

What is the function of the joint capsule

A

Hold bones together
Tight and thick where support is required
Loose where movement is allowed

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15
Q

Why are some capsules thicker

A

More support required so capsule is thicker

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16
Q

Which ligament connects femur to tibia and restricts abduction

A

Medial collateral ligament MCL

17
Q

What ligament connects the femur to the fibula and restricts adduction

A

Lateral collateral ligament LCL

18
Q

What are intercapsular ligaments

A

Additional bands of DFCT located inside the capsule to hold bones together

19
Q

What is the anterior cruciate ligament ACL

A

Anterior of tibia to posterior of femur
Restricts posterior displacement of femur

20
Q

What is the posterior cruciate ligament PCL

A

Posterior of tibia to anterior of femur
Restricts anterior displacement of femur

21
Q

What is the function of fibrocartilaginous pads

A

Shock absorption and/or deepen articulations

22
Q

What are the fibrocartilaginous pads in the knee joint called

A

Medial and lateral meniscus

23
Q

What determines the range of movement

A

BLB
Bone end shape
Ligament location and length
Body surface contact (muscle tissue getting in way etc)

24
Q

What are the 3 axis of joint movement

A

Uniaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial

25
Q

What are the 3 anatomical planes

A

Sagittal
Coronal
Transverse

26
Q

What are the 7 synovial joint shapes

A

Plane
Hinge
Pivot
Condylar
Ellipsoid
Saddle
Ball & Socket

27
Q

What are the characteristics of the Plane joint

A

Multiaxial
“Sliding” and “gliding”
Flat articular surfaces
E.g. intercarpal

28
Q

What are the characteristics of the hinge joint

A

Uniaxial
Movements are flexion and extension
E.g. ankle, elbow

29
Q

What are the characteristics of the pivot joint

A

Uniaxial
Movement is rotation
E.g. radioulnar joints

30
Q

What are the characteristics of condylar joints

A

Biaxial
Flexion and extension
Rotation when flexed
E.g. knee

31
Q

What are the characteristics of the ellipsoid joint

A

Biaxial
Flexion and extension
Abduction and adduction
Hence also circumduction
E.g. wrist joint

32
Q

What are the characteristics of the saddle joint

A

Biaxial (+)
Flexion and extension
Hence also circumduction
Obligatory rotation - opposition
E.g. carpometacarpal joint

33
Q

What are the characteristics of the ball and socket joint

A

Multiaxial
Flexion and extension
Abduction and adduction
Hence also circumduction
Rotation
E.g shoulder and hip

Hubs (33 decks)

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