Jaundice Flashcards
what is jaundice?
yellow discolouration of skin and sclera due to hyperbilirubinaemia - high bilirubin
how is a red blood cell broken down in the spleen?
- RBC
- haem + globin
- haem– biliverdin + FE2+
- biliverdin—- unconjugated bilirubin
what forms conjugated bilirubin in the liver?
unconjugated bilirubin and glucoronic acid
where is conjugated bilirubin formed?
in the liver
what happens in the colon with urobilinogen?
turns into stercobilin- which makes faeces brown
what does urobilin in urobilinogen do?
makes pee yellow
describe the pathology in pre-hepatic jaundice
- excessive RBC breakdown
- liver can’t conjugate bilirubin
- high unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
where is pre- hepatic jaundice often found in?
haemolytic anaemias
describe the pathology behind intra hepatic jaundice
- dysfunction of hepatic cells
- liver can’t conjugate bilirubin
- liver compresses biliary tree causing obstruction
- leads to both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in the blood
where is intra hepatic jaundice often found in?
parenchymal disease
describe the pathology behind post hepatic jaundice
- obstruction of billairy drainage
- any bilirubin not excreted is conjugated by liver
- conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
what is post hepatic jaundice often found in?
biliary tree pathology
what would stool and urine look like in post hepatic jaundice?
pale stool
dark urine
what effects stool and urine?
conjugated bilirubin
in post hepatic jaundice- what would conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia look like in blood and intestine?
high in blood
low in intestine
so would have less effect on poo and pee
