Iza_unit_03_04 Flashcards
not having the ability or skill to do something as it should be done (niekompetentny)
incompetent
describes someone who often forgets things or does not pay attention to what is happening near them because they are thinking about other things (roztargniony, rozkojarzony)
absent-minded
Easily deceived or tricked, and too willing to believe everything that other people say
Gullible
describes someone who is difficult, not easy to talk to or be with (ciężki przypadek)
to be hard work
Practical and having a lot of experience of life
Wordly
often talking unkindly about other people (złośliwy, jędzowaty); bitchy remarks/comments
bitchy
Ureasonably determined, especially to act in a particular way and not to change at all, despite what anyone else say
Obstinate
relaxed in manner and character; not usually worried about other people’s behaviour or things that need to be done (wyluzowany)
laid-back
Friendly and in a good mood, or (of a situation) enjoyable because of being friendly and pleasant
Jovial
always behaving in an honest and moral way (przestrzegający zasad)
principled
Avoiding risks and uncertainties, careful
Prudent
determined to behave in a particular way although there might be good reasons for not doing so (zdecydowany, uparcie dążący do celu)
strong-willed
Having the habit of talking a lot, especially about things which are not important
Garrulous
not easily hurt by criticism
thick-skinned
Easily annoyed
Peevish
to want to get or achieve something very much (być zdecydwanym na, nastawić się na coś)
to set one’s heart on sth / doing sth
Able to make decision quickly and confidently, or showing this quality
Decisive
to think that someone is less important than you (patrzeć na kogoś z góry)
to look down on sb
Describes someone who does not show anu emotional involvement or interest in a situation
Detached
say what you mean clearly and directly, even if you upset people by doing this (walić prosto z mostu)
not mince your words
Never thinking abkut things that are serious or important
Superficial
to do something harmful to someone who trusted you (zdradzać, wbijać nóż w plecy)
to stab sb in the back
Obeying the rules of correct behaviour and considering himself or herself to be moraly better than other people
Priggish
to behave in a way which makes people believe that you have a particular characteristic (sprawiać wrażenie …)
to come across (as)
Old-fasioned
Behind the times
to think that you are very important in a way that annoys other people (zarozumiały)
full of yourself
Having the characteristics of regularly working hard
Industrious
to speak to or ask permission from someone who has more authority than the person who you would normally go to in that situation / Amanda was refusing to give me the week off so I went over her head and spoke to the boss.
to go over sb’s head
Showing feelings of liking or love
Affecionate
to like someone and become friendly immediately / I didn’t really hit it off with his friends
to hit it off
Brave in a silly way, taking unnecessary risks
Foolhardy
to take or use more than your share of something (okupować, zdominować) / to hog the bathroom /to hog the conversation
to hog
Having a calm appearance or characteristics
Placid
a person who does not work hard enough (leń, obibok)
a slacker
Liking to be with other people or living in groups
Gregarious
Behaving as if or showing that you think that you are better than other people and that their opinions, beliefs or ideas are not important
Supercilious
Allowing yourself to have or do anything that you enjoy
Self-indulgent
Able to change easily from one activity to another or able to be used for many different purposes
Versatile
Too serious and full of importance
Pompous
Easily offended or upset
Touchy
Wanting to discover as much as you can about things, sometimes in a way that annoys people
Inquisitive
Very careful and with great attention to every detail
Meticulous
an official document signed by two people before they get married which says what will happen to their possessions and/or children if they divorce (umowa przedmałżeńska)
pre-nuptial agreement
to make an official request for something such as divorce (złożyć pozew o rozwód)
to file for divorce
fighting for the legal right or duty to care for a child after his/her parents have separated or died
custody battle
full of anger, arguments and bad feeling (ostry, zjazdliwy)/ acrimonious divorce/dispute
acrimonious
relating to behaviour between people that is pleasant and friendly often despite a difficult situation (przyjazny, polubowny; przyjacielski)
amicable
sex between a married man or woman and someone who is not their wife or husband (cudzołóstwo) / to commit adultery
adultery
a very strong wish to continuously get more of something, especially food or money (chciwość)
greed
to treat someone badly using violence (przemoc fizyczna, maltretowanie)
physical abuse
the general situation in which particular events happen e.g. Their love affair began against a backdrop of war. (tło; kulisy)
a backdrop
thought not to be completely true or not able to be trusted; feeling doubt or not feeling certain (wątpliwy)
dubious
to cause an event or situation to happen by making a set of actions or a formal process begin e.g. The government will instigate new measures to combat terrorism.; The divorce has been instigated by Ron’s wife, not him. (wszczynać, wzniecać)
to instigate
a young child, especially one who is learning or has recently learned to walk
a toddler
weak or unhealthy, or easily damaged, broken or harmed (wątły, kruchy)
frail
slightly rude or showing no respect, but often in a funny way (bezczelny, zuchwały)
cheeky
to react to criticism by arguing or explaining (odcinać się, ‘odpyskowywać’)
to answer back
to start behaving in a way that is not generally acceptable, especially dishonestly or illegally e.g. He went off the rails in his first year at university. (wykoleić się)
to go off the rails
to lose a natural ability to hear, see, think or move (tracić władze cielesne)
to lose your faculties
to be getting old e.g. He’s getting on (a bit) - he’ll be seventy-six next birthday. (starzeć się)
to get on
a person in a position of the highest or high rank, especially in a government or university (kanclerz; rektor)
a chancellor
to ask one to explain and justify one’s behaviour, policy, performance, etc. e.g. Sergeant called the police officer to account. (żądać wyjaśnień; pociągać do odpowiedzialności)
to call sb to account
to argue with someone and stop being friendly with them (pogniewać się, pokłócić)
to fall out with sb
a form of punishment in which school children are made to stay at school for a short time after classes have ended (siedzenie za karę po lekcjach w szkole)
a detention
to choose one person or thing from a group for special attention, especially criticism or praise e.g. It’s not fair the way my sister is always singled out for special treatment.; Andy was thrilled when the teacher singled out his poem and asked him to read it out. (wyróżniać, wybierać z wielu)
to single sb out
to tell someone in a strong way that they must do something or that they must stop doing something e.g. You can’t just let him do what he wants, you’ll have to put your foot down.
to put your foot down with sb
to become gradually less important until it ends and is forgotten (przemijać, przechodzić)
to blow over
to directed into sth (być nakierowanym na, mieć ujście w)
to be channelled into
to be or feel ill (być trochę chorym)
to be/feel under the weather
a continuous moving strip or surface that is used for transporting objects from one place to another (taśma produkcyjna)
a conveyor belt
to accept or continue to accept an unpleasant situation or experience, or someone who behaves unpleasantly (tolerować)
to put up with
someone who is not married and is thought to be a suitable future marriage partner, especially because they are rich and attractive.
eligible bachelor
a place where births, deaths and marriages are officially recorded and where you can get officially married, without a religious ceremony (urząd stanu cywilnego)
a registry office
a man who would be the perfect husband for a particular woman because he has all the qualities that she wants.
Mr Right
to have a good opinion of someone or something
to think the world of sb
to have a strong but temporary feeling of liking someone (durzyć się w kimś)
to have a crush on sb
to feel that you like someone very much, often without knowing why (mieć słabość do kogoś)
to have a soft spot for sb
to agree with sb
to see eye to eye with sb
to have a very strong but not usually lasting feeling of love or attraction for someone or something (być zauroczonym, zaślepionym, zadurzonym w kimś)
to be infatuated
to have a short sexual relationship with someone
to have a fling with
to secretly have a sexual relationship with someone else than your husband/wife/partner (zdradzać kogoś)
to cheat on sb
to change or arrange something again, in order to improve it e.g. We revamped all the management system, but the business is doing no better than it was before. (przekształcać, ulepszać)
to revamp
(especially of clothes or the person wearing them) not attractive or fashionable (bez gustu, zaniedbany)
dowdy
mainly disapproving; (of books, plays, etc.) involving serious and complicated or artistic ideas, or (of people) interested in serious and complicated subjects (intelektualny; dotyczący inteligencji – jako grupy społecznej)
high-brow
to earn a little (zarabiać grosze)
to earn peanuts
to make a problem or difficult situation worse e.g. His financial problems were compounded when he unexpectedly lost his job. (pogarszać, pogłębiać)
to compound
to control or limit something that is not wanted e.g. The Government should act to curb tax evasion. (ukracać, hamować)
to curb
not thinking or worrying about any pain caused to others; cruel (bezlitosny; bezwzględny)
ruthless
having or based on a clear understanding and good judgment of a situation, resulting in an advantage e.g. He was shrewd enough not to take the job when there was the possibility of getting a better one a few months later. (przenikliwy, bystry)
shrewd
without considering (bez względu na, niezależnie od)
irrespective of
(of actions) having no effect or achieving nothing; unsuccessful (daremny)
futile
to walk in a slow relaxed manner, especially for pleasure (spacerować, przechadzać się)
to stroll
to go somewhere secretly, or to take someone or something somewhere secretly (zakradać się, skradać)
to sneak
to walk on your toes with the heel of your foot lifted off the ground, especially
in order not to make a noise (chodzić na palcach)
to tiptoe
to give a quick short look (spoglądać, rzucać okiem)
to glance
to look carefully or with difficulty (przypatrywać się, przyglądać)
to peer
to look quickly at the pages of a magazine, book, etc. (przekartkować, przewracać kartki)
to flick through
to smell something by taking air in through your nose (pociągać nosem, wąchać coś)
to sniff
to speak quietly and in a low voice that is not easy to hear, often when you are worried or complaining about something (mamrotać, mruczeć)
to mutter
to make a large jump or sudden movement (skoczyć na kogoś)
to leap on sb
to sit or lie in a position with your arms and legs close to your body (skulić się, zwijać)
to curl up
to (cause power or responsibility to) be given to other people e.g. To be a good manager, you must know how to devolve responsibility downwards. (delegować, przekazywać, przenosić) a devolution (noun)
to devolve
a place where people go to vote in an election (lokal wyborczy)
a polling station
a piece of paper on which you write your vote
a ballot paper
the number of people who are present at an event, especially the number who go to vote at an election (frekwencja)
turnout
someone who is hated because of some reasons
a hate figure
the final period of time before an important event
run-up to sth
to compete, especially in an election, for an official position e.g. The president has announced she does not intend to stand for re-election.
to stand
expressing strong opinions very directly without worrying if other people are offended (otwarty, bezpośredni)
outspoken
to vote
to cast your vote
the winning of an election with an extremely large number of votes (miażdżące zwycięstwo)
a landslide victory
victory that is gained with difficulty when there isn’t an overwhelming number of votes
a narrow victory
a victory without value e.g. It was something of a hollow victory - she won the case but lost all her savings in legal fees.
a hollow victory
when votes are arranged dishonestly for the result
vote rigging
a system or occasion of secret voting (tajne głosowanie)
ballot
a study in which people are asked for their opinions about a subject or person; the polls - the places where people vote in a political election; to go to the polls - to vote
a poll
describes an amount that is so small it is silly (śmiechu wart, niedorzeczny); derision - when someone or something is laughed at and considered stupid or of no value
derisory
refusing to be persuaded, especially refusing to change opinions that are strongly believed in (upór)
intransigence
to have nothing to do
to be at a loose end
surprised or shocked so much that they do not know how to behave for a short time
to be taken aback
to walk slowly with a lot of effort, especially over a difficult surface or while carrying something heavy
to trudge
to share the same feelings as someone else, or to behave in the same way as someone else e.g. Sadly, my feelings for him were not reciprocated.; We invited them to dinner and a week later they reciprocated. (odwzajemniać)
to reciprocate /ri’sip.rə.keit/
male sexual strength or qualities (męskość)
virility /vi’ril.i.ti/
approving describes a man, especially a young man, full of sexual strength and energy in a way that is considered attractive (męski; krzepki)
virile /’vir.ail/
bravery; the ability to control fear and to deal with danger and uncertainty (odwaga by coś zrobić; tupet, czelność)
guts
to persuade someone to do something e.g. They induced her to take the job by promising editorial freedom. (nakłaniać, namawiać)
to induce
to wait or move in a secret way so that you cannot be seen, especially because you are about to attack someone or do something wrong e.g. Someone was lurking in the shadows. (czaić się)
to lurk
to (cause a part of the body to) become wider or further open e.g. The pupils of the eyes dilate as darkness increases. (powiększać się)
to dilate
the young of an animal; humorous or formal - a person’s children (potomek)
an offspring
to bend your knees and lower yourself so that you are close to the ground and leaning forward slightly (kucać, przykucać)
to crouch
a period where you suffer a lot of problems e.g. Andy’s going through a bit of a rough patch at the moment - his wife wants a divorce.
rough patch
if you don’t pull your weight, you don’t do your share of work (nie przykładać się do pracy)
not pull your weight
to annoy sb without intending to e.g. As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way
to rub sb up the wrong way
to discover the exact reason why a situation is the way it is, especially when something is wrong e.g. There’s something odd about him but I can’t quite put my finger on it.
to put your finger on sth
