ITEC54 QUIZ 2 Flashcards
It is a process of collecting and interpreting facts, identifying the problems, and decomposition of a system into its components.
System Analysis
It is a process of planning a new business system or replacing an existing system by defining its components or modules to satisfy the specific requirements. Before planning, you need to understand the old system thoroughly and determine how computers can best be used in order to operate efficiently.
System Design
System Analysis and Design (SAD) mainly focuses on −
Systems
Processes
Technology
must have some structure and behavior which is designed to achieve a predefined objective.
System
Constraints of a System
-structure and behavior
-Interconnectivity and interdependence
-objectives of the organization
Properties of a System
-Organization
-Interaction
-Interdependence
-Integration
-Central Objective
implies structure and order. It is the arrangement of components that helps to achieve predetermined objectives.
Organization
It is defined by the manner in which the components operate with each other.
Interaction
means how the components of a system depend on one another. For proper functioning, the components are coordinated and linked together according to a specified plan. The output of one subsystem is the required by other subsystem as input.
Interdependence
is concerned with how a system components are connected together. It means that the parts of the system work together within the system even if each part performs a unique function.
Integration
The objective of system must be central. It may be real or stated. It is not uncommon for an organization to state an objective and operate to achieve another.
The users must know the main objective of a computer application early in the analysis for a successful design and conversion.
Central Objective
are the information that enters into the system for processing.
Input
is the outcome of processing.
Output
is the element of a system that involves the actual transformation of input into output.
Processor
is controlled by the Operating System and software. In order to keep system in balance, what and how much input is needed is determined by Output Specifications.
behavior of a computer System
provides the control in a dynamic system.
Feedback
is routine in nature that encourages the performance of the system. Negative feedback is informational in nature that provides the controller with information for action.
Positive feedback
The environment is the “_____________” within which an organization operates.
supersystem
It is the source of external elements that strike on the system.
It determines how a system must function. For example, vendors and competitors of organization’s environment, may provide constraints that affect the actual performance of the business.
Environment
A system should be defined by its boundaries. Boundaries are the limits that identify its components, processes, and interrelationship when it interfaces with another system.
Each system has boundaries that determine its sphere of influence and control.
The knowledge of the boundaries of a given system is crucial in determining the nature of its interface with other systems for successful design.
Boundaries and interface
may be static or dynamic in nature. For example, desks and chairs are the physical parts of computer center which are static. A programmed computer is a dynamic system in which programs, data, and applications can change according to the user’s needs.
Physical System
are non-physical entities or conceptual that may be formulas, representation or model of a real system.
Abstract System
must interact with its environment. It receives inputs from and delivers outputs to the outside of the system. For example, an information system which must adapt to the changing environmental conditions.
Open System
does not interact with its environment. It is isolated from environmental influences. A completely closed system is rare in reality.
Close System
