ITEC48 PRELIM

Question 1

is a collection of data stored in a format that can easily be accessed.

Answer 1

Database

Question 2

is a collection of programs that enables users to access, manipulate, report, and represent data.

Answer 2

Database Management System (DBMS)

Question 3

helps control access to the database.

Answer 3

Database Management System (DBMS)

Question 4

defines the logical design and structure of a database and how data will be stored, accessed, and updated.

Answer 4

Database model

Question 5

organizes data into a tree-like structure with one-to-many relationships.

Answer 5

Hierarchical Model

Question 6

organizes data like a graph, allowing more than one parent node.

Answer 6

Network Model

Question 7

This database model was used to map many-to-many data relationships.

Answer 7

Network Model

Question 8

This was the most widely used database model, before Relational Model was introduced.

Answer 8

Network Model

Question 9

creates relationships by dividing objects of interest into entities and attributes.

Answer 9

Entity-relationship Model

Question 10

This model is good to design a database, which can then be turned into tables in relational model.

Answer 10

Entity-relationship Model

Question 11

is the database model used to store data in two-dimensional tables with a common field.

Answer 11

Relational Model

Question 12

most widely used database model, in fact, we can say the only database model used around the world.

Answer 12

Relational Model

Question 13

is a skeleton structure that represents the logical view of the entire database.

Answer 13

Database schema

Question 14

defines how the data is organized and how the relations among them are associated.

Answer 14

Database Schema

Question 15

It’s the database designers who design the schema to help programmers understand the database and make it useful.

Answer 15

Database Schema

Question 16

pertains to the actual storage of data, such as files and indices.

Answer 16

Physical database schema

Question 17

defines logical constraints, tables, views, and integrity constraints.

Answer 17

Logical database schema

Question 18

This schema defines all the logical constraints that need to be applied on the data stored. It defines tables, views, and integrity constraints.

Answer 18

Logical Database

Question 19

is the basis for SQL and modern database systems like MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, Oracle, and MySQL.

Answer 19

Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)

Question 20

The data in an RDBMS is stored in database objects which are called as.

Answer 20

Tables

Question 21

is a table that consists of numerous columns and rows, storing related data entries.

Answer 21

Table

Question 22

Every table is broken up into smaller entities called

Answer 22

fields

Question 23

is a column in a table that maintains specific information about every record.

Answer 23

Field

Question 24

is an individual entry (row) in a table.

Answer 24

Record

Question 25

is a vertical entity in a table that contains all information associated with a specific field.

Answer 25

Column

Question 26

is a category of database management systems that do not adhere to relational concepts.

Answer 26

NoSQL

Question 27

is a language used for storing, manipulating, and retrieving data in a relational database.

Answer 27

SQL

Question 28

NoSQL stands for?

Answer 28

Not only SQL

Question 29

who is father of relational databases?

Answer 29

Edgar F. "Ted" Codd

Question 30

what year did the SQL release?

Answer 30

1974

Question 31

IBM developed the first prototype of relational database and standardized by ANSI.

Answer 31

1986

Question 32

The first relational database was released by Relational Software which later came to be known as

Answer 32

Oracle

Question 33

is the SQL command used to retrieve records from one or more tables.

Answer 33

SELECT

Question 34

is the SQL command used to create a new record in a table.

Answer 34

INSERT

Question 35

is the SQL command used to modify existing records.

Answer 35

UPDATE

Question 36

is the SQL command used to delete records.

Answer 36

DELETE

Question 37

is a transaction control command that commits a transaction.

Answer 37

COMMIT

Question 38

is a SQL command that rolls back a transaction in case of an error.

Answer 38

ROLLBACK

Question 39

is a type of data that stores character type data of variable length.

Answer 39

VARCHAR

Question 40

ensures that a column cannot have a NULL value.

Answer 40

NOT NULL

Question 41

ensures that all values in a column are unique.

Answer 41

UNIQUE

Question 42

is a constraint that uniquely identifies each row in a table.

Answer 42

PRIMARY KEY

Question 43

is a constraint that ensures a row in a table is related to another table.

Answer 43

FOREIGN KEY

Question 44

is the SQL command used to create a new table.

Answer 44

CREATE TABLE

Question 45

is a SQL command that modifies an existing database object.

Answer 45

ALTER

Question 46

is a SQL command used to delete a table or other object from the database.

Answer 46

DROP

Question 47

are commands that deal with the structure of a database, such as creating or modifying tables.

Answer 47

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Question 48

are commands that deal with the manipulation of data in the database.

Answer 48

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Question 49

are commands that manage the rights, permissions, and controls of the database.

Answer 49

Data Control Language (DCL)

Question 50

is a SQL command that gives a user a privilege.

Answer 50

GRANT

Question 51

is a SQL command that removes privileges from a user.

Answer 51

REVOKE

Question 52

are commands that manage transactions in the database.

Answer 52

Transaction Control Language (TCL)

Question 53

is the process of managing transactions and ensuring the integrity of the database.

Answer 53

Transaction Management

Question 54

is the SQL command that sets a savepoint within a transaction.

Answer 54

SAVEPOINT

Question 55

is the process by which SQL determines how to carry out a query.

Answer 55

SQL Process

Question 56

are the rules and guidelines that define how SQL commands should be structured.

Answer 56

SQL Syntax

Question 57

is a case-insensitive language where commands can be written in any case.

Answer 57

SQL

Question 58

the rules enforced on data columns on a table. These are used to limit the type of data that can go into a table. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data in the database.

Answer 58

SQL CONSTRAINTS

Question 59

There are no duplicate rows in a table.

Answer 59

Entity Integrity

Question 60

Enforces valid entries for a given column by restricting the type, the format, or the range of values.

Answer 60

Domain Integrity

Question 61

Rows cannot be deleted, which are used by other records.

Answer 61

Referential integrity

Question 62

Enforces some specific business rules that do not fall into entity, domain or referential integrity.

Answer 62

User-Defined Integrity

Question 63

is the SQL command used to create a new database.

Answer 63

CREATE DATABASE

Question 64

is the SQL command used to delete an existing database.

Answer 64

DROP DATABASE

Question 65

is the SQL command used to select or switch to a different database.

Answer 65

USE DATABASE

Question 66

is the SQL command used to create a new table and define its columns and data types.

Answer 66

CREATE TABLE

Question 67

The SQL commands that deals with the manipulation of data present in the database belong to DML or Data Manipulation Language and this includes most of the SQL statements.

Answer 67

DML (DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE)

Question 68

are sets of instruction written in a language that can be understood by the database system.

Answer 68

Queries

Question 69

Queries have (3) three basic parts.

Answer 69

Action - Location - Restrictions

Question 70

What the purpose of the query is.

Answer 70

Action ( SELECT and INSERT and UPDATE and DELETE )

Question 71

Which table or tables the action will be performed on.

Answer 71

Location ( FROM tableName )

Question 72

What columns rows and data will be affected.

Answer 72

Where ( WHERE Set of Restriction )

Question 73

is used to fetch the data from a database table which returns this data in the form of a result table.

Answer 73

SQL SELECT QUERY

Question 74

These result tables are called.

Answer 74

Result-Sets

Question 75

specifies the columns to be displayed

Answer 75

SELECT Clause

Question 76

specifies the table containing the columns that are listed in the SELECT Clause.

Answer 76

FROM Clause

Question 77

The asterisk (*) can be used to select all the available columns and records from a table.

Answer 77

TRUE

Question 78

is used to specify a condition while fetching the data from a single table or by joining with multiple tables.

Answer 78

SQL WHERE clause

Question 79

is used to add new rows of data to a table in the database.

Answer 79

INSERT INTO

Question 80

is used to modify the existing records in a table.

Answer 80

UPDATE QUERY

Question 81

is used to delete the existing records from a table.

Answer 81

DELETE QUERY

Question 82

In UPDATE if you dont specify the WHERE Clause the whole rows will be affected ( true/false )

Answer 82

TRUE

Question 83

In DELETE if you dont specify the WHERE Clause the whole rows will be deleted ( true/false )

Answer 83

TRUE

Question 84

If you want to delete all the records from a table, you dont need to use WHERE Clause ( true/false )

Answer 84

TRUE

Question 85

USE is use to specify what schema/database you will be using or will be affected ( true/false )

Answer 85

TRUE