Italy - The Mutilated Victory Flashcards
Economic & Social Problems
How did debt lead to financial collapse
- Huge sums of money had been borrowed from Britain and the USA, so Italy was £85billion in debt by 1919
- The government however still had to print money however to pay for the war effort which led to inflation
- Prices quadrupled and inflation destroyed savings
Economic & Social Problems
- Prices …………… and inflation ……….. savings
- quadrupled
- destroyed
Economic & Social Problems
What issue in production arose within industry
- The purchasing power of wages of factory workers also fell by about 25%
- Although large industrialists had done well out of war production, once the war ended there was no longer any need for quantities of rifles, trucks and artillery
- —> industrial profits therefore also declined
Economic & Social Problems
Describe the disputes that arose in industry
- Industrial disputes increased as workers resented long hours and a fall in wages
- During 1919 over a million workers took part in strikes
- Membership of socialist trade unions shot up to 2 million by 1920
Economic & Social Problems
Unemployment was largely made up of returning soldiers with no jobs to go to and had risen to ……… by 1919
- 2 million
Political Problems
As the economy worsened, political divisions widened
Industrial workers flocked to the …… whose membership rose from ….,000 in 1914 to about ……,000 by 1919
Industrial workers flocked to the PSI whose membership rose from 50,000 in 1914 to about 200,000 by 1919.
Political Problems
Why were many middle-class Italians both disgusted & terrified
- Inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1917, the PSI were now calling for social revolution and the overthrow of the Liberal state —>
- The Liberals appeared to be doing nothing about the socialist threat
- By November 1919 the PSI had won 156 seats - this was now the single largest party in the Italian parliament
Political Problems
The disquiet and anger in Italian Society was made worse by…
Italy’s treatment at the Paris Peace Conference at Versailles in January 1919
Political Problems
What did Orlando, the new Prime Minister, argue at the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919
- they should be given all the territory Italy had been promised in the 1915 treaty of London —>
- southern Tyrol, Trentino, Istria and parts of Dalmatia plus the port of Fiume on the Croatian Coast
Political Problems
Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George and Georges Clemenceau (the leaders of America, Britain and France) saw Italy as…
As a result Italy’s claim for Fiume and much of the Treaty were rejected as Italy contributions to the war were limited.
as undeserving of “great power” status.
Political Problems
As a result Italy’s claim for Fiume and much of the Treaty were ……… as Italy contributions to the war were ……..
- rejected
- limited
Political Problems
Orlando ……………. the peace Conference which meant Italy …………………. in the final treaty as there was no one to represent their interests
- walked out of
- gained very little
Political Problems
Orlando walked out of the peace Conference which meant Italy gained very little in the final treaty as there was no one to represent their interests. As a result Orlando was….
….forced to resign in June
Political Problems
………………………………… were gained from the Conference but the result was described as a “……….. …………..” by poet and novelist Gabriele d’Annunzio
- Trent and Trieste and Northern Dalmatia
- Mutilated Victory
Political Problems
It demonstrated the weakness of the……….. …………….., its lack of “………. ………” status and that ….,000 Italian soldiers had died for nothing
It demonstrated the weakness of the Liberal government, its lack of “great power” status and that 650,000 Italian soldiers had died for nothing
