Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mr Clapham - History > Foreign Policy, the extension of the franchise & the resignation of Giolitti > Flashcards

Foreign Policy, the extension of the franchise & the resignation of Giolitti Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards
1
Q

Which countries were allied with Italy in the Triple Alliance?

A

Germany and Austria-Hungary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why was the Triple Alliance difficult for Italy?

A

Italy’s interests overlapped with Austria’s in the Balkans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What foreign policy action did Italy take under pressure from the Nationalists?

A

Italy invaded Libya on 29 September 1911, which was under the control of the Ottoman Empire.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was France’s role in prompting Italy to invade Libya?

A
  • France was consolidating her control over Morocco, and Giolitti worried that France would invade Libya next which would embarrass Italy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why did Italians see Libya as important to their empire?

A
  • Italians believed Libya should be part of their empire and not under French control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was the Catholic Church’s involvement in the invasion of Libya?

A

The Catholic Church had considerable financial interests in Libya and encouraged the government to invade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How did Giolitti hope to use the invasion of Libya to his advantage?

A
  • He hoped to unite the Italian people behind his government by gaining support from both Catholics and Nationalists
  • Especially because popular opinion was in favour of the invasion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When did the invasion of Libya begin?

A

29 September 1911

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the immediate success after intial invasion of Libya

A
  • Three weeks after declaring war Italian forces has seized many of the ports and coastal towns but progress was much slower after the initial successes.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many troops did Italy commit to the invasion of Libya?

A

70,000 troops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When was Libya formally handed over to the Italians by the Ottomans

A

8 October 1911.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the initial public reaction to the invasion of Libya?

A

There was an outpouring of national enthusiasm, & it appeared that Giolitti’s programme of creating a unified Italy had been successful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did Giolitti’s social reforms impact the PSI?

A

The social reforms pacified the PSI, who were prepared to support his government.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the relationship between the Catholic Church and the Liberal government at this time?

A
  • The Catholic Church was cooperating with the Liberals in several key areas.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How did the victory in Libya affect nationalistic support for the government?

A

It seemed to galvanize nationalistic support for the government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the effect of the war on Giolitti’s ability to absorb the Nationalists?

A

The war did not help Giolitti absorb the Nationalists and instead increased support for the ANI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How did the ANI capitalize on the situation after the war?

A

They claimed credit for the policy and demanded more from the Liberal government, while also criticizing Giolitti for mismanaging the war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many Italians died in the fighting in Libya, and what was the cost?

A
  • 3,500 Italians died, and the war cost 1,300 million lire.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How did the war impact Giolitti’s cooperation with the PSI?

A
  • It destroyed Giolitti’s cooperation with the PSI as they argued that Italy’s wealth was being wasted on foreign campaigns.
20
Q

What temporary alliance formed as a result of the war? A: The Catholics and Nationalists formed a temporary alliance.

A
21
Q

What was the impact of the temporary alliance on the moderate Socialists?

A
  • The alliance weakened the moderate Socialists to the extent that the revolutionary wing of the party seized control and ruled out further cooperation with the Liberal government.
22
Q

What happened to moderate Socialists in the PSI?

A

They were expelled from the party.

23
Q

What was the outcome of Giolitti’s attempts to absorb the Socialists into the liberal state?

A

Giolitti’s attempts ended in failure.

24
Q

Why was progress in Libya much slower after initial success

A
  • The Italians were not seen as the “liberators” by the Arab population and so the Italians fought Turkish and Arab forces
25
Q

What were the consequences of the invasion of Libya for crops

A

Similar crops were grown in Libya to Italy and so it lowered the income of Italian farmers.

26
Q

Describe the outcome of the war on the nationalists

A
  • The Nationalists were not pacified and blamed the slow/limited success but took the credit for the victory and Giolitti launching the war in the first place.
  • The left refused to work with Giolitti because of their anti-war stance
27
Q

What did Mussolini do with the socialists

A
  • Giolitti targeted moderate socialists to join his coalitions.
  • The PSI gained 20% of the vote in 1909 so it was important for Giolitti to include them
28
Q

What did the far left of the socialist party do

A

However, the far left of the party criticised those socialists who worked with Giolitti and this infighting limited the influence the PSI were able to exercise

29
Q

Describe Giolittis relation with the church

A
  • Giolitti was the first PM to successfully appeal to Catholic voters
  • He saw the Catholics as a good counter weight to the Socialists and even gained the support of the Pope before the 1913 election
  • However, with the Roman question hanging over Giolittis relationship with the church it meant the alliance was unstable and not long lasting.
30
Q

What was the nationalistss stance on Giolitti

A
  • The ANI was set up in 1910 and was instantly critical of Giolitti, his foreign policy and his trasformisimo
  • They also appealed to the middle class worried about Giolittis concessions to the Socialists.
31
Q

What did the nationalists demand from Giolitti

A
  • They demanded a more aggressive foreign policy to demonstrates Italy as being a great power in Europe
  • They also demanded stronger police powers and a ban on public sector strikes.
32
Q

When was the franchise extended

A

1912

33
Q

Who was given the right to vote by 1912? .

A
  • All men who had completed military service and all men over 30
34
Q

What percentage of Italy’s electorate were illiterate after the extension of the franchise?

A

70%

35
Q

What did Giolitti hope to achieve by extending the franchise?

A
  • He hoped to increase the popularity of the Liberals, as more conservative men in rural areas could now vote.
36
Q

Why was the franchise extended

A

It was felt conscripted men deserved the right to vote and the more conservating rural working class would bolster the support for the Liberals

37
Q

hat exacerbated Giolitti’s problems?

A

The extension of the franchise

38
Q

What did the 1913 elections reveal about Giolitti’s strategy?

A
  • The 1913 elections showed the failure of Giolitti’s strategy,
  • with Liberal deputies winning 318 seats,
  • a loss of 71 from the 1909 elections
39
Q

What percentage of the vote did the PSI secure in the 1913 elections?

A

The PSI secured 20% of the vote.

40
Q

Who were the conservative peasants voting for in the 1913 elections?

A

the Catholic party rather than the Liberals

41
Q

Why was Giolitti reliant on Catholic support after the 1913 elections?

A

Giolitti was reliant on Catholic support because he had promised to make concessions to the Church in return for their support

42
Q

Why was Trasformismo impossible after the 1913 elections?

A

the Socialists and the Nationalists would not work with a Liberal government making concessions to the Catholics

43
Q

When did Giolitti resign as Prime Minister?

A

Giolitti resigned as Prime Minister on 21 March 1914

44
Q

Why did Giolitti resign as Prime Minister in 1914?

A

Socialists and radicals withdrew their support for his coalition government, and extending the franchise led to nationalists and Catholics gaining the most support.

45
Q

Who replaced Giolitti as Prime Minister, and what challenges did he face?

A
  • Antonio Salandra replaced Giolitti,
  • but his support floundered, and by June 1914, Italy seemed to be on the verge of anarchy
  • also the outbreak of World War One
46
Q

What coalition did Giolitti form after the 1913 elections, and what was its impact?

A

Giolitti formed a coalition with the Catholic Union, but this meant that radicals and Socialists would not work with him

47
Q

What opposition did the Liberals face by early 1914?

A

By early 1914, the Liberals faced opposition from all sides, with the Radicals completely withdrawing their support in February 1914

Mr Clapham - History (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions