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Somm 1 > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

1
Q

Italy

A

Location: 20 regions stretching from the Alps to the Northern tip of Africa
History: Phoenicians, Etruscans, & Romans spread grapes around Europe
Climate: Continental cool in the north, Mediterranean warm in the south
Geography: Alps in the north, Apennine Mountains down spine
Grape Varieties: 300-500 registered grape varieties, 100s to 1,000s of native grape varieties
Viticulture: 900,000 registered vineyards

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2
Q

Italian AOPs

A

Vino - 50%, typically blanco, rosso, rosato, frizzante

IGP System - IGT, Indicazione Geografica Tipica - 121, mainly in the south

DOP System - of place, rules on grapes, yields, vinification, & vintages
* DOC, Denominazione di Origine Controllata - 333
* DOCG, Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita - 77

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3
Q

Italian Wine Labeling

A

Classico: Traditional, theoretically superior, vineyard area within a DOC or DOCG

Riserva or Reserve: Extended ageing (in cask, then bottle), can denote lower yields and higher alcohol

Superiore: Higher level of alcohol or longer ageing

Vino Vecchio: Old or aged wine

Spumante: Sparkling
Frizzante: Slightly sparkling
Metodo Classico: Traditional method sparkling wines

Secco: Dry
Dolce: Sweet

Recioto or Passito: Wine made from dried grapes

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4
Q

N Italy

A

Location: Border of Switzerland & France, “Foot of the mountain”, Alps and Apennines mountains, Po River Valley
City: Genova, Turin, Milan, Trento, Venice, Bologna

Liguria, Piedmont, Valle d’Aosta, Lombardy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Friuli-Venezia, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna

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5
Q

Piedmont (region)

A

Location: NW Italy
City: Turin, Milan
Climate: Continental, rain shadow of the Alps, fog “Nebbia”
Geography: Mountains, rolling foothills
Soil: Limestone, sandstone
Grapes: red wine - Nebbiolo, Barbera, Dolcetto, Brachetto, white wine - Moscato, Coretese, Arneis, Timorasso

Barbaresco DOCG, Barolo DOCG

DOCGs: Alta Langa, Asti / Moscato d’Asti, Barbera d’Asti, Barbera del Monferrato Superiore, Brachetto d’Acqui, Canelli, Dogliani, Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba, Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore, Erbaluce di Caluso, Gattinara, Gavi, Ghemme, Nizza, Roero / Roero Arneis, Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato, Terre Alfieri

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6
Q

Barolo DOCG & Barbaresco DOCG

A

Location: Piedmont
Grape: 100% Nebbiolo
Geography: Hillsides
Viticulture: Thin-skinned grape, cool climate
Vinification: Oak aging (old and new), minimum time required by law, large barrels to small barrique

Nebbiolo, Barolo DOCG
Style: Dry red wine
Tell: Contrast of light ruby color with strong aromas and tannin
Tasting Notes: Light ruby to garnet rim, light body, high tannin, high acidity, strong aromas of tart red fruits, raspberry, cherry, orange peel, rose, tar, licorice, fennel, balsamic vinegar
Tannin: High, Acid: High, Alc: M+, Body: Light, Complexity: M+
Pairing: Truffles, risotto, pasta

Other wines: Sangiovese, Pinot Noir

Top vintages: ???

Gaja

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7
Q

Primary Piedmont DOCGs and Grapes

A

RED WHITE
Nebbiolo - Barolo DOCG (100%), Barbaresco DOCG (100%), Ghemme DOCG (85%), Gattinara DOCG (90%), Roero DOCG (95%)
High tannin, high acidity, oak & age

Barbera - Barbera d’Asti DOCG (90%), Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG, Barbera d’Alba DOC
Low tannin, high acidity, vibrant blue color, oak or no oak

Dolcetto - Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG (100%), Dogliani DOCG (100%), Dolcetto d’Alba DOCG (100%)
High acidity, youthful

Brachetto - Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG
Red, sweet sparkling
Pairing: Chocolate, strawberries

WHITE WHITE
Moscato Bianco - Asti DOCG (100%)
Aromatic, fresh fruit, sweet or sparkling

Cortese - Gavi DOCG (100%)
Fragrant & mineral, dry, no oak

Arneis - Roero Arneis DOCG (95%)
Fragrant & mineral, dry, no oak

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8
Q

Lombardy (region)

A

Location: N Central Italy
City: Milan
Climate: Continental cool
Geography: Mountains, rolling foothills

Franciacorta DOCG

Other DOCGs: Oltrepò Pavese metodo classico, Scanzo, Sforzato di Valtellina, Valtellina Superiore

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9
Q

Franciacorta DOCG

A

Location: Lombardy, Italy
Grapes: Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Nero (aka Pinot Noir)
Vinification: Metodo Classico sparkling
Style: Dry, sparkling rose wine
Paring: Fried & salty calamari

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10
Q

Valtellina Superiore DOCG

A

Location: Lombardy, Italy
Climate: High altitude, Alpine
Grape: Nebbiolo
Vinification: oak-aged, dry red wines

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11
Q

NE Italy

A

Location: Austria / Switzerland border
Climate: Continental, cold winters & warm summers
Geography: Alps

Trentino-Alto Adige, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Veneto

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12
Q

Trentino-Alto Adige (region)

A

Location: NE Italy
City: Trento
Grapes: Pinot Grigio, some Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Nero (Noir), Teroldego, Lagrein

Trentino DOC, Alto-Adige (Sudtiroler) DOC

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13
Q

Pinot Grigio

A

Location: Trento, Italy

Style: Dry white wine
Tell: Gray or copper tint (Vidalia onion), hay, bitter almond, lees
Tasting notes: Med straw, not very aromatic, ripe stone fruit, lemon pith, golden apple, peach skin, apricot, fresh cut hay, green almond, peanut shell, lees, crushed gravel, ginger, spice
Acid: M, Alcohol: M, Body: M, Compl: M, Phenolic bitterness
Pairing: light pasta with cream sauce

Other wines: Gruener Veltliner, Chablis Chardonnay, Melon de Bourgogne

Trentino DOC, Alto-Adige (Sudtiroler) DOC

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14
Q

Veneto (region)

A

Location: NE Italy
City: Venice, Verona
Geography: Foothills of Alps
Climate: Continental to warm maritime (coast)

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG, Soave Superiore, Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG, Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG

Other DOCGs: Bagnoli Friularo, Bardolino Superiore, Colli Asolani Prosecco, Colli di Conegliano, Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio, Lison, Montello Rosso, Piave Malanotte, Recioto di Gambellara, Recioto di Soave

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15
Q

Veneto DOC & DOCG and Grapes

A

Garganega, some Trebbiano di Soave - Soave DOC, Soave Superiore DOCG, Recioto di Soave DOCG
Light & unoaked

Glera - Prosecco DOC, Conegliano-Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG, Asolo / Colli Asolani-Prosecco DOCG
* Charmat/ tank method sparkling wine, no lees, light & fresh
Pairing: Crispy, salty cheese, mortadella

Corvina & some Rondinella - Valpolicella DOC, Valpolicella Ripasso DOC
Dry and still red wine
Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
* Grapes are harvested and dried, dry or off-dry, high alcohol 14-16% ABV
Black fig, raisin, prune
Pairing: Stews, braised, tomato sauce, olive

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16
Q

Friuli-Venezia-Giulia (region)

A

Location: NE Italy
Geography: Slovenian border
Climate: Continental
Grapes: Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon, Friulano, Merlot, Refosco dal Peduncolo
Vinification: dry, little or no oak

DOCGs: Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit, Lison, Ramandolo, Rosazzo

17
Q

Emilia-Romagna (region)

A

Location: N Central Italy, Adriatic Sea (east)
City: Bologna, Moderna
Geography: Broad, vast plains with agriculture & viticulture
Grape: Lambrusco
Vinification: Red sparkling, frizzante (some) or spumante (lots), charmat / tank method
Style: Secco (dry) or amabile (off-dry)
Pairing: Dairy & butter, Fritto fried bread

Lambrusco DOC

DOCGs: Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto, Romagna Albana

18
Q

Central Italy

A

Two coasts, pastoral flatlands with cows & dairy

Tuscany, Umbria, Latium, Marche, Abruzzo

19
Q

Tuscany (region)

A

Location: Foothills of the Apennine Mountains
City: Florence, Siena
Climate: Mediterranean to continental
Grapes: Sangiovese, some Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Vernaccia, Vermentino (coast)

Chianti DOCG, Brunello de Montalcino DOGC, Chianti Classico DOCG, Montepulciano DOCG

Other DOCGs: Carmignano, Elba Aleatico Passito, Montecucco, Morellino di Scansano, Suverto, Val di Cornia, Vernaccia di San Gimignano,

20
Q

Chianti DOCG

A

Location: Tuscany
Grape: Sangiovese (70%)
Style: Dry red wines only

Subzones: Colli Aretini, Colli Senesi, Colli Fiorentini, Colline Pisane, Montalbano, Montespertoli, Rufina, Chianti Superiore

21
Q

Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Location: Tuscany
Soil: Galestro & Alberese sandstone
Grape: Sangiovese (80%), no white
Vinification: Dry red wine, barrel and bottle aging

22
Q

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

A

Location: Slopes on the hill of Montalcino
Soil: Clay, marine sediment, Galestro
Grape: Sangiovese Grosso (100%)
Vinification: min 2yr in oak and 4mo in bottle, may not be sold before Jan 1 of the 5th year following harvest
Pairing: Bistecca alla Fiorentina

Rounder, riper fruit and refined

Top vintages: ???

23
Q

Marches (region)

A

Location:
Geography: Adriatic Sea, Apennine Mountains inland
Climate: Mediterranean
Grape: Verdicchio, Montepulciano
Vinification: Dry, unoaked white wines, youthful
Pairing; Branzino with rosemary & olive oil

DOCGs: Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva, Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi Riserva, Cònero, Offida, Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva, Vernaccia di Serrapetrona

24
Q

S Italy

A

City: Naples, Palermo
Geography: Mt. Vesuvius, Mediterranean Sea, less forest & steeper hills
Climate: Mediterranean, mild winters
Pairing: sheep & goats, less cream & more olive oil, tomato, herbs

25
Q

Campania (region)

A

Location: S Italy
City: Naples, Almafi coast
Grapes: Greco, Fiano, Falanghina, Alglianico, Pedirosso
Soil: Alluvial, volcanic

DOCGs: Aglianico del Taburno, Fiano di Avellino, Greco di Tufo, Taurasi

26
Q

Campania DOCGs and Grapes

A

Greco - Greco di Tufo DOCG
Pairing: buffalo mozzarella, arugula, olive oil, sea bass

Fiano - Fiano d’Avellino DOCG
Chablis, mineral, round with citrus & apple

Aglianico - Taurasi DOCG
Tannin, robust red wine
Pairing: lamb chop, wild hare, game

27
Q

Sicily (region)

A

Location: Island to the SW
Climate: Mediterranean, cooler at higher elevations
Geography: Rolling hillsides at the foot of
Mt. Etna. flatter near coast
Grapes: white wine: Carricante, Grillo; red wind: Nero d’Avola, Nerello, Mascalese, Frappato

DOCGs: Cerasuolo di Vittoria

28
Q

Sicily DOCGs and Grapes

A

Nero d’Avola, Frappato - Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG

Carricante (Marsalla), Nerello Mascalese - Etna DOC
High acidity, mod. alcohol, smokey
Pairing: Elk, venison

29
Q

Basilicata (region)

A

Location: S Italy
City: Potenza
Grapes: Alglianico
Soil: Alluvial, volcanic

DOCGs: Aglianico del Vulture Superiore

30
Q

Lazio (region)

A

Location: C Italy
City: Rome
Grapes: Malvasia, Grechetto, Cesanese, Bordeaux blend
Soil:

DOCGs: Cannellino di Frascati, Cesanese del Piglio, Frascati Superiore

31
Q

Puglia (region)

A

Location: C Italy
City: Rome
Grapes: Primitivo, Negroamaro
Soil:

DOCGs: Castel del Monte Bombino Nero, Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva, Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva, Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale

32
Q

Abruzzo (region)

A

Location: C Italy, east coast
City: L’Aquila
Grapes: Montepulciano, Sangiovese
Soil:

DOCGs: Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane, Tullum

33
Q

Umbria (region)

A

Location: C Italy
City: Perugia
Grapes: Orvieto, Sagrantino, Sangiovese, Merlot
Soil:

DOCGs: Montefalco Sagrantino, Torgiano Rosso Riserva

34
Q

Sardenia (region)

A

Location: Island, west coast
City: Cagliari
Grapes: Cannonau (Grenache), Vermentino, Carignan, Nuragus
Soil:

DOCGs: Vermentino di Gallura

Somm 1 (34 decks)

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